Difference between revisions of "Installing Gentoo on a ThinkPad X220"
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If it finds one it tries to start {{path|/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi}} from this partition. (Note that this is actually case-insensitive because of FAT32). | If it finds one it tries to start {{path|/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi}} from this partition. (Note that this is actually case-insensitive because of FAT32). | ||
− | + | Enable GRUB_PLATFORMS=efi-64 in make.conf and emerge >=sys-devel/grub-1.99. | |
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− | + | {{cmdroot|<nowiki>USE="grub_platforms_efi-64" emerge -v sys-boot/grub</nowiki>}} | |
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− | {{cmdroot|<nowiki>USE="grub_platforms_efi-64" emerge -v | ||
Create a mountpoint for the UEFI partition and mount the partition. | Create a mountpoint for the UEFI partition and mount the partition. |
Revision as of 11:38, 2 December 2013
Contents
Installing Gentoo on a Lenovo X220 with UEFI and GPT
The goal is a working Gentoo installation utilizing UEFI and GPT on an SSD. I work on improving the page step-by-step, but at the moment it's more or less for the advanced gentoo user. Anyways, you can always ask me for clarification. :)
Model specs
General specs
X220 - 4290-W1B, i5-2520M, 4GB RAM
Replaced internal HDD with SSD Intel 320 Series 120GB, 2.5", SATA II (SSDSA2CW120G310). It's a SSD with 7.5mm height, so it fits nicely in the X220. 2.5" 9mm SSDs fit too, but you have to remove parts of the SSDs case.
cpuinfo
processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 42 model name : Intel® Core™ i5-2520M CPU 2.50GHz stepping : 7 cpu MHz : 2501.000 cache size : 3072 KiB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid bogomips : 4983.17 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management:
lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family HECI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:16.3 Serial controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family KT Controller (rev 04) 00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b4) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b4) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev b4) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev b4) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation QM67 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04) 03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Advanced-N 6205 (rev 34) 0d:00.0 System peripheral: Ricoh Co Ltd Device e823 (rev 04)
lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 147e:2016 Upek Biometric Touchchip/Touchstrip Fingerprint Sensor Bus 001 Device 004: ID 04f2:b217 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
Required kernel modules for the X220 hardware
- Intel Gigabit Ethernet: (CONFIG_E1000EI)
- Intel WLAN: (CONFIG_IWLAGNI)
- Intel HD Graphic: (CONFIG_DRM_I915I)
- TPM Chip (CONFIG_TCG_TIS)
There are still no correct settings for MTRR: Link
BIOS update
1. Get the bios update iso (8duj10uc.iso here) from the lenovo support site.
2. Get 'geteltorito' and extract the boot image from the iso (isobar.c probably works too)
$ wget 'http://www.uni-koblenz.de/~krienke/ftp/noarch/geteltorito/geteltorito.pl'
$ perl geteltorito.pl 8duj10uc.iso > biosupdate.img
3. Copy the image to the usb thumdrive
# ddrescue biosupdate.img /dev/usbthumdrive
Reboot, Press F12 and boot from thumb drive.
The latest BIOS for the X220 can be found here.
Boot from USB stick
Sysresccd (2.2.0), which has a pretty nice script to create a bootable USB-Stick, failed to boot on the X220. Created an bootable usb stick from the gentoo-minimal.iso with unetbootin. Works.
Partition the drive
# parted
(parted) mklabel gpt
(parted) mkpart primary fat32 1 201
(parted) set 1 boot on
(parted) mkpart primary linux-swap 202 4047
(parted) mkpart pimrary ext2 4048 120GB
Format the partitions
# mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1
# mkswap /dev/sda2
# mkfs.btrfs /dev/sda3
Gentoo installation
Gentoo stage3
Just like the handbook:
- Boot from gentoo-minimal-image.
- Unpack stage3 and portage.
- Edit fstab
/etc/fstab
/dev/sda1 /boot/efi vfat noauto 1 2 /dev/sda3 / btrfs noatime 0 1 /dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
- If you have a SSD, you should use Trim (discard)
/etc/fstab
/dev/sda1 /boot/efi vfat noauto 1 2 /dev/sda3 / btrfs noatime,discard 0 1 /dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
- Set a root password.
- Everything else can be done later on.
Grub with EFI support installation
This was by far the hardest part. Because UEFI and GPT a relatively new, I am not so familiar with it and the documentation isn't so good at the time of writing. Basically EFI on the X220 looks for a FAT32 formatted GPT partition with the boot flag set. If it finds one it tries to start /EFI/boot/bootx64.efi from this partition. (Note that this is actually case-insensitive because of FAT32).
Enable GRUB_PLATFORMS=efi-64 in make.conf and emerge >=sys-devel/grub-1.99.
# USE="grub_platforms_efi-64" emerge -v sys-boot/grub
Create a mountpoint for the UEFI partition and mount the partition.
# mkdir /boot/efi
# mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi
# mkdir /boot/efi/efi/grub -p
# cp /usr/share/grub/{unicode.pf2,ascii.pf2} /boot/efi/efi/grub/
Important part:
# grub2-mkimage -d /lib/grub/x86_64-efi -O x86_64-efi -p "" -o /boot/efi/efi/boot/bootx64.efi part_gpt btrfs fat ext2 normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot efi_gop linux
Optional but useful:
# cp /lib/grub/x86_64-efi/*.mod /boot/efi/efi/boot/
# cp /lib/grub/x86_64-efi/*.lst /boot/efi/efi/boot/
Minimal grub.cfg
set prefix(hd0,gpt1)/efi/boot pager=1 timeout=20 menuentry "Gentoo Linux" { set root=(hd0,gpt3) linux /boot/bzImage root=/dev/sda3 ro raid=noautodetect }
Put grub.cfg in same directory as bootx64.efi: /boot/efi/efi/boot/
Thanks to Finnbarr P. Murphy for his blog posts about Grub and UEFI.
Optimized grub.cfg
Use 'threadirqs' with kernel > 3.0.0 and because PCIE_ASPM is not detected correct (and you may want longer battery life) you should use 'pcie_aspm=force'.
set prefix(hd0,gpt1)/efi/boot pager=1 timeout=3 menuentry "Gentoo Linux" { set root=(hd0,gpt3) linux /boot/bzImage root=/dev/sda3 ro fastboot splash=silent quiet threadirqs pcie_aspm=force i915.i915_enable_rc6=1 i915.i915_enable_fbc=1 i915.lvds_downclock=1 rootfstype=ext4 }
According to following links (threads), you should set i915.i915_enable_rc6=1, i915.i915_enable_fbc=1 and i915.lvds_downclock=1 for less power consumption (used kernel: 3.1.0rc3).
- Link Forum Notebookreview
- Link Ubuntu Launchpad Bugs
- Link Archlinux BBS
- Link Phoronix Tweaks To Extend The Battery Life Of Intel Linux Notebooks
- RedHat Bugzilla
Kernel
For UEFI on the X220 you have to use a kernel > 3.0-rc1. Suspend-to-RAM and brightness control of the display work with kernel >= 3.0-rc6.
My current Kernel .config (3.0-rc6). Please feel free to comment if you have spotted an unnecessary enabled hardware option or something that should be enabled on the X220. The config is hosted as github gist, so you can easily ask for merges with your version. This is work in progress :)
Kernel configuration remarks
- Use the deadline I/0 scheduler when you have an SSD. If you don't have an SSD, use the CFQ scheduler.
make.conf
/etc/make.conf
CFLAGS="-march=core2 -O3 -pipe" CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}" CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu" MAKEOPTS="-j5 -l5" GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64" INPUT_DEVICES="evdev synaptics" VIDEO_CARDS="intel vesa fbdev"
With gcc > 4.2:
/etc/make.conf
CFLAGS="-march=native -O3 -pipe" CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}" CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu" MAKEOPTS="-j5 -l5" GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64" INPUT_DEVICES="evdev synaptics" VIDEO_CARDS="intel vesa fbdev"
Finishing touches
Set timezone
# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime
Locale
# nano /etc/locale.gen
# locale-gen
Set LANG in /etc/env.d/90locale
LANG=en_US.utf8 LC_TIME=de_DE.utf8 LC_COLLATE=de_DE.utf8 LC_MONETARY=de_DE.utf8 LC_NUMERIC=de_DE.utf8
Read more here: Gentoo Linux Localization Guide
Hardware setup
WLAN Intel Advanced 6205
# emerge wpa_supplicant linux-firmware
Further installation steps
Emerging the system
xorg
# emerge xorg-x11
The touchpad can be accessed by the evdev and the synaptics driver, which can lead to X11 not starting.
To fix this add the following lines to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf.
MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*" Option "TapButton1" "1" Option "TapButton2" "2" Option "TapButton3" "3"
DPI
$ xdpyinfo
gets the displays dimensions wrong, while $ xrandr
shows the correct screen size (277x156mm). Although it seems to make no big difference (yet), you could specify the displays dimensions/DPI via one of these two methods manually:
- Via an xorg.conf:
/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-monitor.conf
Section "Monitor" Identifier "<default monitor>" # Option "DPI" "125 x 125" DisplaySize 277 156 # In millimeters EndSection
But this doesn't fix the xdpyinfo either (at least in my case).
- Via xrandr
$ xrandr --dpi 125
KMS
One quick word about Kernel mode-setting (KMS) which comes with Linux 3.0. The i915 driver seems to support it flawlessly and it's really impressing how fast the switch console <-> x11 is done now.
GNOME and GDM
# emerge gnome
Bug 372001 workaround from here allows you to emerge nss.
# emerge gdm
NetworkManager
Emerge a newer version of NetworkManager which comes with a built-in gentoo module. You can read more about the module on Mu Qioa's Blog
# emerge =net-misc/networkmanager-0.8.2-r10 --autounmask-write
# rc-update add NetworkManager default
Make sure that the ifnet module (gentoo interface handling) is enabled: /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf
[main] plugins=ifnet,keyfile [ifnet] managed=true auto_refresh=false
Ecryptfs home
I have setup an ecryptfs home for my user account and written an how-to about it in the gentoo-wiki. Read it here
Fingerprint reader
While I don't use the fingerprint reader for auth purposes (It's just insecure). It would be nice to scan some fingers for fun :-). Unfortunately there is a bug in libfprint that fails every enroll with "Enroll failed with error -22". Hopefully it will be fixed soon.
# emerge fprint_demo
Working Fingerprint reader
If you'd like to use the fingerprint sensors, just emerge following:
# emerge sys-auth/fprintd
Afterwards edit following:
/etc/pam.d/system-auth
... auth sufficient pam_fprintd.so ...
Enroll your finger :-)
# fprintd-enroll
Extra keys
Another overview can be found here
Functional
Most keys work out of the box. Tested so far are:
- FnF2 lock screen
- FnF3 display battery status
- FnF4 suspend to RAM
- FnF5 enable/disable WLAN (Note that there is also a hardware switch on the left side of the X220 which disabled WLAN and bluetooth
- FnEnd and FnPos 1 brightness controll
- Volume up/down/mute incl. sound mute indicator LED
- ThinkVantage, emits XF86Launch1
- FnF8 - disable/enable touchpad
From ArchWiki: Add the following file and make it executable. Then set the file to be executed when XF86TouchpadOn is pressed via System -> Preferences -> Keyboard Shortcuts.
/usr/bin/touchpad-toogle
#!/bin/bash if [ $(synclient -l | grep TouchpadOff | gawk -F '= ' '{ print $2 }') -eq 0 ]; then synclient TouchpadOff=1 else synclient TouchpadOff=0 fi
Functional with some limitations
- MicMute emits keycode 248. There is currently some lack of support for this feature. Also the LED is not controllable yet. See these two bugs
Notes
ThinkLight
Can be enabled and disabled with the hardware button and the /sys interface. More information can be found on ThinkLight