Problem with error 01C9 - More than one Ethernet devices

2007-02-18T22:09:35Z

Thibouille27: /* Affected Models */

==Problem Description==
Certain ThinkPads show a warning message during [[POST]] when a WLAN card with an Atheros chipset is present in the MiniPCI slot:

WARNING
01C9: More than one Ethernet devices are found. Remove one of them.
Press <Esc> to continue.

At POST, the BIOS conducts a scan for ethernet devices. It does this by reading the "PCI Class Codes" of every connected device. If more than one ethernet device is found, it produces the 01C9 error message. Unlike other wireless cards, which identify themselves as "other" network adapters, Atheros classify themselves as "ethernet". This collides with the internal ethernet controller (also a PCI device) and causes the 01C9 to appear.

== Affected Models ==
* ThinkPad {{A31p}}
* ThinkPad {{T23}}
* ThinkPad {{T30}}
* ThinkPad {{R32}}
* ThinkPad {{R40}}
* ThinkPad {{X22}}
* ThinkPad {{X23}}
* ThinkPad {{X24}}
* ThinkPad {{X30}}

'''Not affected are'''
*ThinkPad T4x series
*ThinkPad X4x series

== Solution ==
The solution is to modify the Atheros EEPROM so that the card correctly identifies itself as an "other" instead of an "ethernet" network adapter. A Linux Live CD to do both this and remove the 1802 error message is now available. [http://www.student.ru.nl/p.brederveld/monkeytongue/ibm_wifi.zip] (~ 4 MB).

{{WARN|This software was designed FOR ATHEROS CARDS ONLY. Even though most users confirm it working fine, it can potentially harm your computer. The authors are in no way to be held liable for damage caused by this program. There is no warranty given, either express or implied for any fitness for any kind of purpose. YOU AGREE TO USE THIS ENTIRELY AT YOUR OWN RISK.}}

'''Functionality.''' This patch changes the PCI Class ID from 0x0200 to 0x0280, which corresponds "network device: other". It manipulates neither the PCI vendor ID nor the device ID. Therefore, functionality of drivers and operating systems will not be affected. Uninstalling drivers is not necessary before using this patch.

'''Usage.'''
# Burn the .ISO file to a CD/DVD. Make sure to open the image instead of burning it as a regular file on the disc.
# If you want to remove the 01C9 error only, skip to step 8.
# To remove the 1802 error, make sure you do not have the Atheros card installed in the MiniPCI slot.
# Boot from the disc.
# Choose to remove the 1802 error.
# Shut down after pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del.
# (Physically) install the Atheros card now.
# Boot from the disc (again).
# Choose not to apply the no-1802.
# Select your Atheros card from the list. A WRONG SELECTION MAY CAUSE DAMAGE!
# Shut down after pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del. Upon 'cold' reboot, the 01C9 should be gone.

== Limitations ==
The patch does not seem to work with chipsets above AR5004x due to some kind of EEPROM write protection. This protection is either hardcoded into the EEPROM, thus making it impossible to be changed by software. Or the write-enable channel of the EEPROM has been disactivated. Slight chance might be to program one of the chipsets' "General Purpose Input/Output" components to activate it. Yet this would require a GPIO's output to be connected to the write-enable channel of the EEPROM (depends on the circuit board layout).

'''Affected cards'''
* Gigabyte GN-WIAG02 MiniPCI card (AR5005GS chipset) (01C9 can only be bypassed by pressing <Esc>).
* Senao NMP-8602 MiniPCI card (AR5006X chipset) (01C9 can only be bypassed by pressing <Esc>).
* SparkLAN WMIA-166AG MiniPCI card (AR5006XS chipset (01C9 can only be bypassed by pressing <Esc>).

How to control fan speed

2006-06-11T10:38:22Z

Thibouille27:

This page discusses methods for controlling the system fan.

==For Linux==
===Using a patched kernel===

The [[Patch for controlling fan speed]] provides a convenient interface via {{path|/proc/acpi/ibm/fan}}.

Manual speed control can be done through the [[patch for controlling fan speed]]:

'''#cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'''
status: enabled
level: auto
speed: 4219
commands: enable, disable, level <level>
(<level> is 0-7, auto or disengaged)

'''#echo level 2 > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'''

'''#cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'''
status: enabled
level: 2
speed: 3142
commands: enable, disable, level <level>
(<level> is 0-7, auto or disengaged)

===Using a stock kernel===

If you have the [[ibm-acpi]] module loaded with <tt>experimental=1</tt>, you can control the fan without patching the kernel by directly writing to the relevant embedded controller register using {{path|/proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}}.

For example:

{{cmdroot|echo 0x2F 0x00 > /proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}} (fan off)

{{cmdroot|echo 0x2F 0x02 > /proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}} (low speed)

{{cmdroot|echo 0x2F 0x04 > /proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}} (medium speed)

{{cmdroot|echo 0x2F 0x07 > /proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}} (maximum speed)

{{cmdroot|echo 0x2F 0x80 > /proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}} (automatic - default)

{{cmdroot|echo 0x2F 0x40 > /proc/acpi/ibm/ecdump}} (disengaged)

Ssee the specifications below for the meaning of these modes.

===On/off control using stock kernel===

If you only wish to turn the fan on and off (with automatic control when it's on), you can use the following.

When loading [[ibm-acpi]] v0.11 with experimental switch ({{cmdroot|1=modprobe ibm_acpi experimental=1}}), it is possible to read and write the status of fan:

'''#cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'''
status: enabled
speed: 3580
commands: enable, disable

'''#echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'''

'''cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan'''
status: disabled
speed: 0
commands: enable, disable

When off, the fan will then '''never''' wake up. It is advised to use an automated control script to reduce the chance of hardware damage.

===Automated control scripts===

An [[ACPI fan control script#Variable speed control scripts|ACPI fan control script]] can be to override the firmware's fan algorithm with gentler, quieter version. It monitors the laptop's [[thermal sensors]] and sets the fan speed accordingly, according to customizable thresholds. For the default behavior, simply save the [[ACPI fan control script#Variable speed control scripts|script]] as {{path|tp-fancontrol}} and run<br />
{{cmdroot|./tp-fancontrol}}

==For Windows==

Shimodax's ThinkPad fan control tool offers similar functionality (see [http://forum.thinkpads.com/viewtopic.php?t=17715 forum discussion] at thinkpads.com). Source and binaries are available through the [http://sourceforge.net/projects/tp4xfancontrol "Tp4xFanControl"] project on SourceForge.

==Hardware specs==

The patch relies on the following hardware behavior, which was discovered experimentally by [[User:Thinker|Thinker]] and neither provided by nor confirmed by IBM/Lenovo. The following description may be inaccurate and may vary by model (see list of models above). The terminology probably does not match the one used by IBM/Lenovo engineers.

ACPI DSDT register _SB.PCI0.LPC.EC.HFSP (8 bits, offset 0x2F in the <tt>EmbeddedController</tt> address space, accessed through the standard EC interface at IO ports 0x62 and 0x66) is read/writable and has the following meaning:

Bits 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
---------------
Value 1 0 * * * * * * - automatic
* 1 * * * * * * - disengaged
0 0 N N N N N N - manual (0..63; 0=disable fan, 1=min, ..., 7=max)

In ''automatic'' mode, the embedded controller sets the fan speed automatically according to system temperatures and some unknown algorithm.

In ''manual'' mode, the fan level is forced to the given value and the EC will auto-regulate the fan to maintain at a (roughly) constant RPM, which is model-dependent. Manual speed levels 8-63 yield the same behavior as level 7, and the the ACPI DSDT uses level 7 for the emergency mode it enters upon critical CPU/GPU temperature, so apparently 7 is the real maximum level.

In ''disengaged'' mode, the embedded controller does not read the fan RPM (hence <tt>EmbeddedController</tt> offset 0x84 is not updated), and does not maintain a stable fan speed. When disengaged mode is entered the fan speed is not immediately changed (except if the fan was disabed, in which case it is turned on at a low level). However, once in disengaged mode, fan speed will slowly increase to ''beyond'' the maximum manual level (this may cause hardware damage!).

After boot, the register may not reflect the true state of the EC (on some models it reads 0x07 even though the EC is actually in automatic mode).

{{HINT|Apparently the [[Problem with fan noise|pulsing fan noise]] experienced by some users can be cured by repeatedly running 2-4 seconds of manual control followed by 0.5-1 seconds of disengaged mode. The pulse occurs when the the embedded controller computes the fan speed and adjusts the fan voltage adaptively every few seconds (~4.8sec for the ThinkPad T43); the aforementioned mode switching doesn't give it a chance to do so. One of the [[ACPI fan control script#Variable speed control scripts|ACPI fan control scripts]] implements this solution.}}

==Supported models==

The above was successfully tested on the following models:

* ThinkPad {{T43}}, {{T43p}} (fan levels RPM: 1-2 = ~3300, 3-5 = ~4100, 6-7 = ~4700; disengaged mode works)
* ThinkPad {{T42}}, {{T42p}} (fan levels RPM: 1-2 = ~2900, 3-5 = ~3700, 6-7 = ~4700)
* ThinkPad {{T41}}, {{T41p}} (fan levels RPM: 1-2 = ~2980, 3-5 = ~3500, 6-7 = ~4050; disengaged mode works at ~5100)
* ThinkPad {{T40}} (fan levels RPM: 1-2 = ~2950, 3-5 = ~3600, 6-7 = ~4050)
* ThinkPad {{T22}}
* ThinkPad {{T23}}
* ThinkPad {{R52}}
* ThinkPad {{R50}} (highest manual level is 3; disengage mode works and reaches much higher RPM)
* ThinkPad {{R50p}} (disengaged mode works at ~5100)
* ThinkPad {{R51}} (tested all settings above in manual mode and worked fine including disengage; *.*)
* ThinkPad {{X41T}}
* ThinkPad {{X31}}
* ThinkPad {{Z60t}} (fan levels RPM: 1-2 = ~1700, 3-5 = ~2800, 6-7 = ~3500)
* ThinkPad {{Z60m}}
* ThinkPad {{X60}}
Probably other models are supported too (please update this page if you confirm this).

==Models using a different interface==

The following models also work, use a different access method which supported (only) via the {{path|/proc/acpi/ibm/fan}} of [[ibm-acpi]]. No need for patching.

* ThinkPad {{600E}}, {{600X}}, {{770E}}, {{770X}} (these use a different fan control interface)

==Unsupported models==

* ThinkPad {{560}} (these models don't have a fan)

ThinkWiki - User contributions [en]

Problem with error 01C9 - More than one Ethernet devices

How to control fan speed