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Installing FreeBSD (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400

2014-09-05T18:02:58Z

Juedan: /* Sound */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 20,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install the 64 bits version of FreeBSD (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400 is to download the ISO files and burn them. There are also image files for an USB stick. You can find the ISOs and image files right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/ISO-IMAGES/10.0/ FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install:
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso}}: This is an image for CD for boot only and repair purposes
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso}}: Here is everything for installing FreeBSD on harddisk including the source codes ofd the whole operating system
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso}}: The same as above plus many software packages for desktops and servers
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img}}: This is an image for USB sticks with a size of about 700MB. Please copy it with this command to your stick
<pre>
dd if=/path/to/FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/<USB stick device>
</pre>

{{HINT|To get the most benefit of your Thinkpad T400 use only those files whose filename contains amd64. This is the 64 bits version of FreeBSD.}}
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
If you are choosing the installation from USB stick then you have to press F12 during the POST of the boot phase of your T400.
During the installation process of FreeBSD there are no issues. It is done in fast fifteen minutes and the GENERIC kernel finds all devices.

== Post-Installation Setup ==
The post installation setup is on some points very tricky while the setup oif the video device Intel GM45 is very easy. The following lines show all devices found by the kernel.

{{cmdroot|dmesg}}
<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2014 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE-p7 #3: Fri Aug 22 20:51:43 CEST 2014
juergen@t400-freebsd:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T400 amd64
FreeBSD clang version 3.3 (tags/RELEASE_33/final 183502) 20130610
CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU P8600 @ 2.40GHz (2394.05-MHz K8-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x1067a Family = 0x6 Model = 0x17 Stepping = 10
Features=0xbfebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE>
Features2=0xc08e3fd<SSE3,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,SMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,XSAVE,OSXSAVE>
AMD Features=0x20100800<SYSCALL,NX,LM>
AMD Features2=0x1<LAHF>
TSC: P-state invariant, performance statistics
real memory = 3221225472 (3072 MB)
avail memory = 2993881088 (2855 MB)
Event timer "LAPIC" quality 400
ACPI APIC Table: <LENOVO TP-7U >
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
FreeBSD/SMP: 1 package(s) x 2 core(s)
cpu0 (BSP): APIC ID: 0
cpu1 (AP): APIC ID: 1
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
random: <Software, Yarrow> initialized
acpi0: <LENOVO TP-7U> on motherboard
CPU0: local APIC error 0x40
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x11, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, bbf00000 (3) failed
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
cpu1: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
attimer0: <AT timer> port 0x40-0x43 irq 0 on acpi0
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100
hpet0: <High Precision Event Timer> iomem 0xfed00000-0xfed003ff on acpi0
Timecounter "HPET" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 950
Event timer "HPET" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 450
Event timer "HPET1" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET2" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET3" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 440
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x71 irq 8 on acpi0
Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x1800-0x1807 mem 0xf4400000-0xf47fffff,0xd0000000-0xdfffffff irq 16 at device 2.0 on pci0
agp0: <Intel GM45 SVGA controller> on vgapci0
agp0: aperture size is 256M, detected 32764k stolen memory
drm0: <Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset> on vgapci0
info: [drm] MSI enabled 1 message(s)
info: [drm] AGP at 0xd0000000 256MB
info: [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20080730
vgapci0: Boot video device
vgapci1: <VGA-compatible display> mem 0xf4200000-0xf42fffff at device 2.1 on pci0
pci0: <simple comms> at device 3.0 (no driver attached)
pci0: <simple comms, UART> at device 3.3 (no driver attached)
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 7.3.8> port 0x1840-0x185f mem 0xfc100000-0xfc11ffff,0xfc325000-0xfc325fff irq 20 at device 25.0 on pci0
em0: Using an MSI interrupt
em0: Ethernet address: <mac address lan>
uhci0: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 20 at device 26.0 on pci0
usbus0 on uhci0
uhci1: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x1880-0x189f irq 21 at device 26.1 on pci0
usbus1 on uhci1
uhci2: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x18a0-0x18bf irq 22 at device 26.2 on pci0
usbus2 on uhci2
ehci0: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xfc326c00-0xfc326fff irq 23 at device 26.7 on pci0
usbus3: EHCI version 1.0
usbus3 on ehci0
pci0: <multimedia, HDA> at device 27.0 (no driver attached)
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 21 at device 28.1 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
iwn0: <Intel Ultimate N WiFi Link 5300> mem 0xf4300000-0xf4301fff irq 17 at device 0.0 on pci3
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci4: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
pci4: <memory> at device 0.0 (no driver attached)
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 23 at device 28.3 on pci0
pci5: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
pcib5: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.4 on pci0
pci13: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib5
uhci3: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x18c0-0x18df irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
usbus4 on uhci3
uhci4: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x18e0-0x18ff irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
usbus5 on uhci4
uhci5: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x1c00-0x1c1f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
usbus6 on uhci5
ehci1: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xfc327000-0xfc3273ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
usbus7: EHCI version 1.0
usbus7 on ehci1
pcib6: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci21: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib6
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xf4800000-0xf4800fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci21
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
pci21: <serial bus, FireWire> at device 0.1 (no driver attached)
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
ahci0: <Intel ICH9M AHCI SATA controller> port 0x1c48-0x1c4f,0x183c-0x183f,0x1c40-0x1c47,0x1838-0x183b,0x1c20-0x1c3f mem 0xfc326000-0xfc3267ff irq 16 at device 31.2 on pci0
ahci0: AHCI v1.20 with 4 3Gbps ports, Port Multiplier not supported
ahcich0: <AHCI channel> at channel 0 on ahci0
ahcich1: <AHCI channel> at channel 1 on ahci0
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
acpi_tz1: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xde000-0xdf7ff,0xe0000-0xeffff on isa0
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
est1: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu1
p4tcc1: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu1
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
random: unblocking device.
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
usbus4: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus5: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus6: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus7: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
ugen2.1: <Intel> at usbus2
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen1.1: <Intel> at usbus1
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen6.1: <Intel> at usbus6
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus6
ugen5.1: <Intel> at usbus5
uhub4: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus5
ugen4.1: <Intel> at usbus4
uhub5: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
ugen3.1: <Intel> at usbus3
uhub6: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
ugen7.1: <Intel> at usbus7
uhub7: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus7
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0
ada0: <ST9160827AS 3.CMG> ATA-8 SATA 1.x device
ada0: Serial Number 5RG8F36M
ada0: 150.000MB/s transfers (SATA 1.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 152627MB (312581808 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad4
Netvsc initializing... SMP: AP CPU #1 Launched!
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub5: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub4: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub6: 6 ports with 6 removable, self powered
uhub7: 6 ports with 6 removable, self powered
cd0 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-U20N HX12> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: Serial Number M1A93IM5248
cd0: 150.000MB/s transfers (SATA 1.x, UDMA6, ATAPI 12bytes, PIO 8192bytes)
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present - tray closed
Root mount waiting for: usbus3
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ada0s4a [rw]...
ugen1.2: <vendor 0x08ff> at usbus1
ugen0.2: <vendor 0x04f3> at usbus0
ums0: <vendor 0x04f3 PS2+USB Mouse, class 0/0, rev 1.10/22.90, addr 2> on usbus0
ums0: 3 buttons and [XYZ] coordinates ID=0
ugen1.3: <Lenovo Computer Corp> at usbus1
wlan0: Ethernet address: <mac address wlan>
ubt0: <Lenovo Computer Corp ThinkPad Bluetooth with Enhanced Data Rate II, class 224/1, rev 2.00/3.99, addr 3> on usbus1
WARNING: attempt to domain_add(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to domain_add(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
hdac0: <Intel 82801I HDA Controller> mem 0xfc320000-0xfc323fff irq 17 at device 27.0 on pci0
hdacc0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) HDA CODEC> at cad 0 on hdac0
hdaa0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) Audio Function Group> at nid 1 on hdacc0
pcm0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Front Analog)> at nid 22 and 24 on hdaa0
pcm1: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Internal Analog)> at nid 26 and 29 on hdaa0
hdacc1: <Conexant (0x2c06) HDA CODEC> at cad 1 on hdac0
</pre>

=== General System Settings ===
It is a good choice to create a custom kernel. First it is needed for suspend/resume and it reduces the startup time significant.
Here is a possible configuration for a custom kernel:

{{cmdroot|cat T400}}

<pre>
#
# T400 -- kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/amd64 on Thinkpad T400
#
# For more information on this file, please read the config(5) manual page,
# and/or the handbook section on Kernel Configuration Files:
#
# http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html
#
# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the
# latest information.
#
# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.
# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first
# in NOTES.
#
# $FreeBSD: release/10.0.0/sys/amd64/conf/GENERIC 256329 2013-10-11 19:43:37Z gjb $

cpu HAMMER
ident T400

makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols
makeoptions WITH_CTF=1 # Run ctfconvert(1) for DTrace support

options SCHED_ULE # ULE scheduler
options PREEMPTION # Enable kernel thread preemption
options INET # InterNETworking
options INET6 # IPv6 communications protocols
options TCP_OFFLOAD # TCP offload
options SCTP # Stream Control Transmission Protocol
options FFS # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options SOFTUPDATES # Enable FFS soft updates support
options UFS_ACL # Support for access control lists
options UFS_DIRHASH # Improve performance on big directories
options UFS_GJOURNAL # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling
options QUOTA # Enable disk quotas for UFS
options MD_ROOT # MD is a potential root device
options NFSCL # New Network Filesystem Client
options NFSD # New Network Filesystem Server
options NFSLOCKD # Network Lock Manager
options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCL
options MSDOSFS # MSDOS Filesystem
options CD9660 # ISO 9660 Filesystem
options PROCFS # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options PSEUDOFS # Pseudo-filesystem framework
options GEOM_PART_GPT # GUID Partition Tables.
options GEOM_RAID # Soft RAID functionality.
options GEOM_LABEL # Provides labelization
options COMPAT_FREEBSD32 # Compatible with i386 binaries
options COMPAT_FREEBSD4 # Compatible with FreeBSD4
options COMPAT_FREEBSD5 # Compatible with FreeBSD5
options COMPAT_FREEBSD6 # Compatible with FreeBSD6
options COMPAT_FREEBSD7 # Compatible with FreeBSD7
options SCSI_DELAY=5000 # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options KTRACE # ktrace(1) support
options STACK # stack(9) support
options SYSVSHM # SYSV-style shared memory
options SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues
options SYSVSEM # SYSV-style semaphores
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
options PRINTF_BUFR_SIZE=128 # Prevent printf output being interspersed.
options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV # install a CDEV entry in /dev
options HWPMC_HOOKS # Necessary kernel hooks for hwpmc(4)
options AUDIT # Security event auditing
options CAPABILITY_MODE # Capsicum capability mode
options CAPABILITIES # Capsicum capabilities
options PROCDESC # Support for process descriptors
options MAC # TrustedBSD MAC Framework
options KDTRACE_FRAME # Ensure frames are compiled in
options KDTRACE_HOOKS # Kernel DTrace hooks
options DDB_CTF # Kernel ELF linker loads CTF data
options INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE # Include this file in kernel

# Debugging support. Always need this:
options KDB # Enable kernel debugger support.
options KDB_TRACE # Print a stack trace for a panic.

# Make an SMP-capable kernel by default
options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel

# CPU frequency control
device cpufreq

# Bus support.
device acpi
device pci

# Floppy drives
device fdc

# ATA controllers
device ahci # AHCI-compatible SATA controllers
device ata # Legacy ATA/SATA controllers
options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering
device mvs # Marvell 88SX50XX/88SX60XX/88SX70XX/SoC SATA
device siis # SiliconImage SiI3124/SiI3132/SiI3531 SATA

# SCSI Controllers
options AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~128k to driver.
options AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~215k to driver.
device aic # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.

# ATA/SCSI peripherals
device scbus # SCSI bus (required for ATA/SCSI)
device ch # SCSI media changers
device da # Direct Access (disks)
device sa # Sequential Access (tape etc)
device cd # CD
device pass # Passthrough device (direct ATA/SCSI access)
device ses # Enclosure Services (SES and SAF-TE)
#device ctl # CAM Target Layer

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device atkbdc # AT keyboard controller
device atkbd # AT keyboard
device psm # PS/2 mouse

device kbdmux # keyboard multiplexer

device vga # VGA video card driver

device splash # Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device sc
options SC_PIXEL_MODE # add support for the raster text mode

device agp # support several AGP chipsets

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
device cbb # cardbus (yenta) bridge
device pccard # PC Card (16-bit) bus
device cardbus # CardBus (32-bit) bus

# PCI Ethernet NICs.
device em # Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Family

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
device miibus # MII bus support

# Wireless NIC cards
device wlan # 802.11 support
options IEEE80211_DEBUG # enable debug msgs
options IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE # age frames in AMPDU reorder q's
options IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH # enable 802.11s draft support
device wlan_wep # 802.11 WEP support
device wlan_ccmp # 802.11 CCMP support
device wlan_tkip # 802.11 TKIP support
device wlan_amrr # AMRR transmit rate control algorithm
device iwn # Intel 4965/1000/5000/6000 wireless NICs.

# Pseudo devices.
device loop # Network loopback
device random # Entropy device
device padlock_rng # VIA Padlock RNG
device rdrand_rng # Intel Bull Mountain RNG
device ether # Ethernet support
device vlan # 802.1Q VLAN support
device tun # Packet tunnel.
device md # Memory "disks"
device gif # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device faith # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)
device firmware # firmware assist module

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device bpf # Berkeley packet filter

# USB support (wird per Modul geladen)
options USB_DEBUG # enable debug msgs

# Sound support (wird per Modul geladen)

# MMC/SD
device mmc # MMC/SD bus
device mmcsd # MMC/SD memory card
device sdhci # Generic PCI SD Host Controller

# VirtIO support
device virtio # Generic VirtIO bus (required)
device virtio_pci # VirtIO PCI device
device vtnet # VirtIO Ethernet device
device virtio_blk # VirtIO Block device
device virtio_scsi # VirtIO SCSI device
device virtio_balloon # VirtIO Memory Balloon device

# HyperV drivers
device hyperv # HyperV drivers

# Xen HVM Guest Optimizations
# NOTE: XENHVM depends on xenpci. They must be added or removed together.
options XENHVM # Xen HVM kernel infrastructure
device xenpci # Xen HVM Hypervisor services driver

# VMware support
device vmx # VMware VMXNET3 Ethernet
</pre>
Certainly more improvements could be done but this one is ok.
Store the configuration in {{path|/usr/src/sys/amd64/conf}} for example in {{path|T400}} and use the follwong commands to generate the new kernel:

<pre>
# cd /usr/src
# make buildkernel KERNCONF=T400
# make installkernel KERNCONF=T400
# reboot
</pre>

=== Video ===
Because the new concole drivers are currently under development the standard concole drivers sc are used. They are in
<pre>
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
</pre>
<pre>
agp0: <Intel GM45 SVGA controller> on vgapci0
agp0: aperture size is 256M, detected 32764k stolen memory
drm0: <Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset> on vgapci0
info: [drm] MSI enabled 1 message(s)
info: [drm] AGP at 0xd0000000 256MB
info: [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20080730
</pre>
=== ACPI ===
To enable ACPI goodies of the Thinkpad (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - not to confuse with APIC Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller!) put the following line
in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
# ACPI-Modul fuer Thinkpad laden
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
This results in the boot message:
<pre>
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
</pre>
==== Sleeping and Awaking: suspend/resume ====
This is the most tricky, difficult and sometimes frustrating part of the post setup of FreeBSD 10.
{{WARN|Therefore an important thing: Please mount all slices read-only. The configuration of suspend and resume functionality needs a lot restarts and produces a lot systems hangs.
In the most cases the notebook has to be powered down for cold restart and the file system is therefore in an inconsistent state which needs fsck-ed.
But if this is done too often could eventually become defect}}

{{cmdroot|cat /etc/fstab}}
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ada0s1a / ufs ro 1 1
/dev/ada0s1e /home ufs ro 1 1
</pre>
If you want to do some configuration then type
{{cmdroot|mount -o rw /}}
and all the editied configuration filescan be saved.

===== Patches for USB =====
In some cases the USB prts do not wake up during the resume process. For this bug exists a patch which is described on the mailing list in this thread:
[http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2014-June/050721.html [patch] USB after second suspend/resume on ThinkPads].
Copy and paste the patch code in your favorite editor and store the file for example in {{path|/tmp}}. Then change to the directoy where the code of
the module acpi_ibm resides and run the patch:

{{cmdroot|cd /usr/src/sys/dev/acpi_support/}}

{{cmdroot|patch acpi_ibm.c <path to patchfile>}}

After this rebuild and reinstall the kernel as described above.

===== Konfiguration: /boot/loader.conf =====
The whole USB stuff has to be loaded as modules. Therefore all this stuff is put in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
# USB
usb_load="YES"
ehci_load="YES"
uhci_load="YES"
ums_load="YES"
u3g_load="YES"
umass_load="YES"
ukbd_load="YES"
</pre>

===== Konfiguration: /etc/rc.local =====
The most notebook harddisks have a biuld in powermanagement. This must be turned off because otherwise the Load Cycle Count increases dramatically and this results in an early exitus of the device.
<pre>
/sbin/camcontrol cmd ada0 -a "EF 85 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00"
</pre>

===== Konfiguration: /etc/rc.suspend =====
With this file all the USB stuff is unloaded and the wifi operation is terminated:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli terminate

/etc/rc.d/moused stop

# If a device driver has problems suspending, try unloading it before
# suspend and reloading it on resume. Example:
# kldunload usb

kldunload ehci
kldunload uhci
kldunload umass
kldunload u3g
kldunload usb

/usr/bin/logger -t $subsystem suspend at `/bin/date +'%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S'`
/bin/sync && /bin/sync && /bin/sync
/bin/sleep 3
</pre>
{{WARN|Put these lines before
<pre>
/bin/rm -f /var/run/rc.suspend.pid
</pre>
Otherwise a kernel panic could be the result}}

===== Konfiguration: /etc/rc.resume =====
In resume mode all the USB stuff is loaded again and the wifi operation is started again:

<pre>
kldload ehci
kldload uhci
kldload umass
kldload u3g
kldload usb

/etc/rc.d/moused restart

/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/usr/sbin/camcontrol cmd ada0 -a "EF 85 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00"

/usr/bin/logger -t $subsystem resumed at `/bin/date +'%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S'`
</pre>
{{WARN|Put these lines before
<pre>
/bin/sync && /bin/sync && /bin/sync
exit 0
</pre>
Otherwise they have no effect}}

===== Konfiguration: /etc/sysctl.conf =====
In {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}} some fine tuning has to be done to get suspend/resume working properly:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=0
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>

==== Graphics device ====
Generally you have to remove the option {{path|VESA }} from the kernel configuration.
* Intel GM45: It is important in resume operation that the kernel restores the registers of the Intel graphics chip and not of the VESA graphics board.
The DRM drivers are loaded via {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
i915_load="YES"
</pre>
* ATi Radeon RV620 {{Todo|ATi Radeon RV620}}

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

=== Mouse ===
<pre>
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
</pre>
=== Network ===
==== LAN ====
<pre>
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 7.3.8> port 0x1840-0x185f mem 0xfc100000-0xfc11ffff,0xfc325000-0xfc325fff irq 20 at device 25.0 on pci0
em0: Using an MSI interrupt
em0: Ethernet address: <mac address lan>
</pre>
==== Wifi ====
<pre>
iwn0: <Intel Ultimate N WiFi Link 5300> mem 0xf4300000-0xf4301fff irq 17 at device 0.0 on pci3
wlan0: Ethernet address: <mac address wlan>
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
{{Todo|Bluetooth}}

=== Sound ===
For the access to the sound devices a module must be loaded. Put the follwong line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
sound_enable="YES"
snd_hda_load="YES"
</pre>
The boot messages should show the followg lines:
<pre>
hdac0: <Intel 82801I HDA Controller> mem 0xfc320000-0xfc323fff irq 17 at device 27.0 on pci0
hdacc0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) HDA CODEC> at cad 0 on hdac0
hdaa0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) Audio Function Group> at nid 1 on hdacc0
pcm0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Front Analog)> at nid 22 and 24 on hdaa0
pcm1: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Internal Analog)> at nid 26 and 29 on hdaa0
hdacc1: <Conexant (0x2c06) HDA CODEC> at cad 1 on hdac0
</pre>
It is also possible to check if the sound devices are identified:

{{cmdroot|cat /dev/sndstat}}

A possible result is
<pre>
Installed devices:
pcm0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Front Analog)> (play/rec) default
pcm1: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Internal Analog)> (play/rec)
</pre>

For using the internal speakers of the Thinkpad the following line should be added to {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}:
<pre>
hw.snd.default_unit=1
</pre>
This sets the second pcm channel to default so all audio signals can be heard.

=== MATE Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Additional Hardware ==

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
{{Todo|Thinkpad buttons}}

== Special thanks ==
A special thanks to Yamagi of [https://www.bsdforen.de BSDForen.de] for essential hints for the configuration of suspend/resume. Also thanks to the author of the patch described above.

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+9.2-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=amd64&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]

[[Category: T400]] [[Category: FreeBSD]]

Installing FreeBSD (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400

2014-08-23T13:53:56Z

Juedan: Most of the configuration is described

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 20,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install the 64 bits version of FreeBSD (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400 is to download the ISO files and burn them. There are also image files for an USB stick. You can find the ISOs and image files right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/ISO-IMAGES/10.0/ FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install:
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso}}: This is an image for CD for boot only and repair purposes
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso}}: Here is everything for installing FreeBSD on harddisk including the source codes ofd the whole operating system
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso}}: The same as above plus many software packages for desktops and servers
* {{path|FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img}}: This is an image for USB sticks with a size of about 700MB. Please copy it with this command to your stick
<pre>
dd if=/path/to/FreeBSD-10.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/<USB stick device>
</pre>

{{HINT|To get the most benefit of your Thinkpad T400 use only those files whose filename contains amd64. This is the 64 bits version of FreeBSD.}}
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
If you are choosing the installation from USB stick then you have to press F12 during the POST of the boot phase of your T400.
During the installation process of FreeBSD there are no issues. It is done in fast fifteen minutes and the GENERIC kernel finds all devices.

== Post-Installation Setup ==
The post installation setup is on some points very tricky while the setup oif the video device Intel GM45 is very easy. The following lines show all devices found by the kernel.

{{cmdroot|dmesg}}
<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2014 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE-p7 #3: Fri Aug 22 20:51:43 CEST 2014
juergen@t400-freebsd:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T400 amd64
FreeBSD clang version 3.3 (tags/RELEASE_33/final 183502) 20130610
CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU P8600 @ 2.40GHz (2394.05-MHz K8-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x1067a Family = 0x6 Model = 0x17 Stepping = 10
Features=0xbfebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE>
Features2=0xc08e3fd<SSE3,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,SMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,XSAVE,OSXSAVE>
AMD Features=0x20100800<SYSCALL,NX,LM>
AMD Features2=0x1<LAHF>
TSC: P-state invariant, performance statistics
real memory = 3221225472 (3072 MB)
avail memory = 2993881088 (2855 MB)
Event timer "LAPIC" quality 400
ACPI APIC Table: <LENOVO TP-7U >
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
FreeBSD/SMP: 1 package(s) x 2 core(s)
cpu0 (BSP): APIC ID: 0
cpu1 (AP): APIC ID: 1
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
random: <Software, Yarrow> initialized
acpi0: <LENOVO TP-7U> on motherboard
CPU0: local APIC error 0x40
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x11, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, bbf00000 (3) failed
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
cpu1: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
attimer0: <AT timer> port 0x40-0x43 irq 0 on acpi0
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100
hpet0: <High Precision Event Timer> iomem 0xfed00000-0xfed003ff on acpi0
Timecounter "HPET" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 950
Event timer "HPET" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 450
Event timer "HPET1" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET2" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 440
Event timer "HPET3" frequency 14318180 Hz quality 440
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x71 irq 8 on acpi0
Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x1800-0x1807 mem 0xf4400000-0xf47fffff,0xd0000000-0xdfffffff irq 16 at device 2.0 on pci0
agp0: <Intel GM45 SVGA controller> on vgapci0
agp0: aperture size is 256M, detected 32764k stolen memory
drm0: <Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset> on vgapci0
info: [drm] MSI enabled 1 message(s)
info: [drm] AGP at 0xd0000000 256MB
info: [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20080730
vgapci0: Boot video device
vgapci1: <VGA-compatible display> mem 0xf4200000-0xf42fffff at device 2.1 on pci0
pci0: <simple comms> at device 3.0 (no driver attached)
pci0: <simple comms, UART> at device 3.3 (no driver attached)
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 7.3.8> port 0x1840-0x185f mem 0xfc100000-0xfc11ffff,0xfc325000-0xfc325fff irq 20 at device 25.0 on pci0
em0: Using an MSI interrupt
em0: Ethernet address: <mac address lan>
uhci0: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 20 at device 26.0 on pci0
usbus0 on uhci0
uhci1: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x1880-0x189f irq 21 at device 26.1 on pci0
usbus1 on uhci1
uhci2: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x18a0-0x18bf irq 22 at device 26.2 on pci0
usbus2 on uhci2
ehci0: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xfc326c00-0xfc326fff irq 23 at device 26.7 on pci0
usbus3: EHCI version 1.0
usbus3 on ehci0
pci0: <multimedia, HDA> at device 27.0 (no driver attached)
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 21 at device 28.1 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
iwn0: <Intel Ultimate N WiFi Link 5300> mem 0xf4300000-0xf4301fff irq 17 at device 0.0 on pci3
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci4: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
pci4: <memory> at device 0.0 (no driver attached)
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 23 at device 28.3 on pci0
pci5: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
pcib5: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.4 on pci0
pci13: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib5
uhci3: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x18c0-0x18df irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
usbus4 on uhci3
uhci4: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x18e0-0x18ff irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
usbus5 on uhci4
uhci5: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB controller> port 0x1c00-0x1c1f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
usbus6 on uhci5
ehci1: <Intel 82801I (ICH9) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xfc327000-0xfc3273ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
usbus7: EHCI version 1.0
usbus7 on ehci1
pcib6: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci21: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib6
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xf4800000-0xf4800fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci21
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
pci21: <serial bus, FireWire> at device 0.1 (no driver attached)
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
ahci0: <Intel ICH9M AHCI SATA controller> port 0x1c48-0x1c4f,0x183c-0x183f,0x1c40-0x1c47,0x1838-0x183b,0x1c20-0x1c3f mem 0xfc326000-0xfc3267ff irq 16 at device 31.2 on pci0
ahci0: AHCI v1.20 with 4 3Gbps ports, Port Multiplier not supported
ahcich0: <AHCI channel> at channel 0 on ahci0
ahcich1: <AHCI channel> at channel 1 on ahci0
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
acpi_tz1: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xde000-0xdf7ff,0xe0000-0xeffff on isa0
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
est1: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu1
p4tcc1: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu1
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
random: unblocking device.
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
usbus4: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus5: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus6: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus7: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
ugen2.1: <Intel> at usbus2
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen1.1: <Intel> at usbus1
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
ugen0.1: <Intel> at usbus0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen6.1: <Intel> at usbus6
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus6
ugen5.1: <Intel> at usbus5
uhub4: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus5
ugen4.1: <Intel> at usbus4
uhub5: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
ugen3.1: <Intel> at usbus3
uhub6: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
ugen7.1: <Intel> at usbus7
uhub7: <Intel EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus7
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0
ada0: <ST9160827AS 3.CMG> ATA-8 SATA 1.x device
ada0: Serial Number 5RG8F36M
ada0: 150.000MB/s transfers (SATA 1.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 152627MB (312581808 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad4
Netvsc initializing... SMP: AP CPU #1 Launched!
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub5: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub4: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub6: 6 ports with 6 removable, self powered
uhub7: 6 ports with 6 removable, self powered
cd0 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-U20N HX12> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: Serial Number M1A93IM5248
cd0: 150.000MB/s transfers (SATA 1.x, UDMA6, ATAPI 12bytes, PIO 8192bytes)
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present - tray closed
Root mount waiting for: usbus3
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ada0s4a [rw]...
ugen1.2: <vendor 0x08ff> at usbus1
ugen0.2: <vendor 0x04f3> at usbus0
ums0: <vendor 0x04f3 PS2+USB Mouse, class 0/0, rev 1.10/22.90, addr 2> on usbus0
ums0: 3 buttons and [XYZ] coordinates ID=0
ugen1.3: <Lenovo Computer Corp> at usbus1
wlan0: Ethernet address: <mac address wlan>
ubt0: <Lenovo Computer Corp ThinkPad Bluetooth with Enhanced Data Rate II, class 224/1, rev 2.00/3.99, addr 3> on usbus1
WARNING: attempt to domain_add(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to domain_add(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
hdac0: <Intel 82801I HDA Controller> mem 0xfc320000-0xfc323fff irq 17 at device 27.0 on pci0
hdacc0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) HDA CODEC> at cad 0 on hdac0
hdaa0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) Audio Function Group> at nid 1 on hdacc0
pcm0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Front Analog)> at nid 22 and 24 on hdaa0
pcm1: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Internal Analog)> at nid 26 and 29 on hdaa0
hdacc1: <Conexant (0x2c06) HDA CODEC> at cad 1 on hdac0
</pre>

=== General System Settings ===
It is a good choice to create a custom kernel. First it is needed for suspend/resume and it reduces the startup time significant.
Here is a possible configuration for a custom kernel:

{{cmdroot|cat T400}}

<pre>
#
# T400 -- kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/amd64 on Thinkpad T400
#
# For more information on this file, please read the config(5) manual page,
# and/or the handbook section on Kernel Configuration Files:
#
# http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html
#
# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the
# latest information.
#
# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.
# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first
# in NOTES.
#
# $FreeBSD: release/10.0.0/sys/amd64/conf/GENERIC 256329 2013-10-11 19:43:37Z gjb $

cpu HAMMER
ident T400

makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols
makeoptions WITH_CTF=1 # Run ctfconvert(1) for DTrace support

options SCHED_ULE # ULE scheduler
options PREEMPTION # Enable kernel thread preemption
options INET # InterNETworking
options INET6 # IPv6 communications protocols
options TCP_OFFLOAD # TCP offload
options SCTP # Stream Control Transmission Protocol
options FFS # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options SOFTUPDATES # Enable FFS soft updates support
options UFS_ACL # Support for access control lists
options UFS_DIRHASH # Improve performance on big directories
options UFS_GJOURNAL # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling
options QUOTA # Enable disk quotas for UFS
options MD_ROOT # MD is a potential root device
options NFSCL # New Network Filesystem Client
options NFSD # New Network Filesystem Server
options NFSLOCKD # Network Lock Manager
options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCL
options MSDOSFS # MSDOS Filesystem
options CD9660 # ISO 9660 Filesystem
options PROCFS # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options PSEUDOFS # Pseudo-filesystem framework
options GEOM_PART_GPT # GUID Partition Tables.
options GEOM_RAID # Soft RAID functionality.
options GEOM_LABEL # Provides labelization
options COMPAT_FREEBSD32 # Compatible with i386 binaries
options COMPAT_FREEBSD4 # Compatible with FreeBSD4
options COMPAT_FREEBSD5 # Compatible with FreeBSD5
options COMPAT_FREEBSD6 # Compatible with FreeBSD6
options COMPAT_FREEBSD7 # Compatible with FreeBSD7
options SCSI_DELAY=5000 # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options KTRACE # ktrace(1) support
options STACK # stack(9) support
options SYSVSHM # SYSV-style shared memory
options SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues
options SYSVSEM # SYSV-style semaphores
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
options PRINTF_BUFR_SIZE=128 # Prevent printf output being interspersed.
options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV # install a CDEV entry in /dev
options HWPMC_HOOKS # Necessary kernel hooks for hwpmc(4)
options AUDIT # Security event auditing
options CAPABILITY_MODE # Capsicum capability mode
options CAPABILITIES # Capsicum capabilities
options PROCDESC # Support for process descriptors
options MAC # TrustedBSD MAC Framework
options KDTRACE_FRAME # Ensure frames are compiled in
options KDTRACE_HOOKS # Kernel DTrace hooks
options DDB_CTF # Kernel ELF linker loads CTF data
options INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE # Include this file in kernel

# Debugging support. Always need this:
options KDB # Enable kernel debugger support.
options KDB_TRACE # Print a stack trace for a panic.

# Make an SMP-capable kernel by default
options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel

# CPU frequency control
device cpufreq

# Bus support.
device acpi
device pci

# Floppy drives
device fdc

# ATA controllers
device ahci # AHCI-compatible SATA controllers
device ata # Legacy ATA/SATA controllers
options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering
device mvs # Marvell 88SX50XX/88SX60XX/88SX70XX/SoC SATA
device siis # SiliconImage SiI3124/SiI3132/SiI3531 SATA

# SCSI Controllers
options AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~128k to driver.
options AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~215k to driver.
device aic # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.

# ATA/SCSI peripherals
device scbus # SCSI bus (required for ATA/SCSI)
device ch # SCSI media changers
device da # Direct Access (disks)
device sa # Sequential Access (tape etc)
device cd # CD
device pass # Passthrough device (direct ATA/SCSI access)
device ses # Enclosure Services (SES and SAF-TE)
#device ctl # CAM Target Layer

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device atkbdc # AT keyboard controller
device atkbd # AT keyboard
device psm # PS/2 mouse

device kbdmux # keyboard multiplexer

device vga # VGA video card driver

device splash # Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device sc
options SC_PIXEL_MODE # add support for the raster text mode

device agp # support several AGP chipsets

# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
device cbb # cardbus (yenta) bridge
device pccard # PC Card (16-bit) bus
device cardbus # CardBus (32-bit) bus

# PCI Ethernet NICs.
device em # Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Family

# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
device miibus # MII bus support

# Wireless NIC cards
device wlan # 802.11 support
options IEEE80211_DEBUG # enable debug msgs
options IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE # age frames in AMPDU reorder q's
options IEEE80211_SUPPORT_MESH # enable 802.11s draft support
device wlan_wep # 802.11 WEP support
device wlan_ccmp # 802.11 CCMP support
device wlan_tkip # 802.11 TKIP support
device wlan_amrr # AMRR transmit rate control algorithm
device iwn # Intel 4965/1000/5000/6000 wireless NICs.

# Pseudo devices.
device loop # Network loopback
device random # Entropy device
device padlock_rng # VIA Padlock RNG
device rdrand_rng # Intel Bull Mountain RNG
device ether # Ethernet support
device vlan # 802.1Q VLAN support
device tun # Packet tunnel.
device md # Memory "disks"
device gif # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device faith # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)
device firmware # firmware assist module

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device bpf # Berkeley packet filter

# USB support (wird per Modul geladen)
options USB_DEBUG # enable debug msgs

# Sound support (wird per Modul geladen)

# MMC/SD
device mmc # MMC/SD bus
device mmcsd # MMC/SD memory card
device sdhci # Generic PCI SD Host Controller

# VirtIO support
device virtio # Generic VirtIO bus (required)
device virtio_pci # VirtIO PCI device
device vtnet # VirtIO Ethernet device
device virtio_blk # VirtIO Block device
device virtio_scsi # VirtIO SCSI device
device virtio_balloon # VirtIO Memory Balloon device

# HyperV drivers
device hyperv # HyperV drivers

# Xen HVM Guest Optimizations
# NOTE: XENHVM depends on xenpci. They must be added or removed together.
options XENHVM # Xen HVM kernel infrastructure
device xenpci # Xen HVM Hypervisor services driver

# VMware support
device vmx # VMware VMXNET3 Ethernet
</pre>
Certainly more improvements could be done but this one is ok.
Store the configuration in {{path|/usr/src/sys/amd64/conf}} for example in {{path|T400}} and use the follwong commands to generate the new kernel:

<pre>
# cd /usr/src
# make buildkernel KERNCONF=T400
# make installkernel KERNCONF=T400
# reboot
</pre>

=== Video ===
Because the new concole drivers are currently under development the standard concole drivers sc are used. They are in
<pre>
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
</pre>
<pre>
agp0: <Intel GM45 SVGA controller> on vgapci0
agp0: aperture size is 256M, detected 32764k stolen memory
drm0: <Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset> on vgapci0
info: [drm] MSI enabled 1 message(s)
info: [drm] AGP at 0xd0000000 256MB
info: [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20080730
</pre>
=== ACPI ===
To enable ACPI goodies of the Thinkpad (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - not to confuse with APIC Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller!) put the following line
in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
# ACPI-Modul fuer Thinkpad laden
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
This results in the boot message:
<pre>
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
</pre>
==== Sleeping and Awaking: suspend/resume ====
This is the most tricky, difficult and sometimes frustrating part of the post setup of FreeBSD 10.
{{WARN|Therefore an important thing: Please mount all slices read-only. The configuration of suspend and resume functionality needs a lot restarts and produces a lot systems hangs.
In the most cases the notebook has to be powered down for cold restart and the file system is therefore in an inconsistent state which needs fsck-ed.
But if this is done too often could eventually become defect}}

{{cmdroot|cat /etc/fstab}}
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ada0s1a / ufs ro 1 1
/dev/ada0s1e /home ufs ro 1 1
</pre>
If you want to do some configuration then type
{{cmdroot|mount -o rw /}}
and all the editied configuration filescan be saved.

===== Patches for USB =====
In some cases the USB prts do not wake up during the resume process. For this bug exists a patch which is described on the mailing list in this thread:
[http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2014-June/050721.html [patch] USB after second suspend/resume on ThinkPads].
Copy and paste the patch code in your favorite editor and store the file for example in {{path|/tmp}}. Then change to the directoy where the code of
the module acpi_ibm resides and run the patch:

{{cmdroot|cd /usr/src/sys/dev/acpi_support/}}

{{cmdroot|patch acpi_ibm.c <path to patchfile>}}

After this rebuild and reinstall the kernel as described above.

===== Konfiguration: /boot/loader.conf =====
The whole USB stuff has to be loaded as modules. Therefore all this stuff is put in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
# USB
usb_load="YES"
ehci_load="YES"
uhci_load="YES"
ums_load="YES"
u3g_load="YES"
umass_load="YES"
ukbd_load="YES"
</pre>

===== Konfiguration: /etc/rc.local =====
The most notebook harddisks have a biuld in powermanagement. This must be turned off because otherwise the Load Cycle Count increases dramatically and this results in an early exitus of the device.
<pre>
/sbin/camcontrol cmd ada0 -a "EF 85 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00"
</pre>

===== Konfiguration: /etc/rc.suspend =====
With this file all the USB stuff is unloaded and the wifi operation is terminated:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli terminate

/etc/rc.d/moused stop

# If a device driver has problems suspending, try unloading it before
# suspend and reloading it on resume. Example:
# kldunload usb

kldunload ehci
kldunload uhci
kldunload umass
kldunload u3g
kldunload usb

/usr/bin/logger -t $subsystem suspend at `/bin/date +'%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S'`
/bin/sync && /bin/sync && /bin/sync
/bin/sleep 3
</pre>
{{WARN|Put these lines before
<pre>
/bin/rm -f /var/run/rc.suspend.pid
</pre>
Otherwise a kernel panic could be the result}}

===== Konfiguration: /etc/rc.resume =====
In resume mode all the USB stuff is loaded again and the wifi operation is started again:

<pre>
kldload ehci
kldload uhci
kldload umass
kldload u3g
kldload usb

/etc/rc.d/moused restart

/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/usr/sbin/camcontrol cmd ada0 -a "EF 85 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00"

/usr/bin/logger -t $subsystem resumed at `/bin/date +'%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S'`
</pre>
{{WARN|Put these lines before
<pre>
/bin/sync && /bin/sync && /bin/sync
exit 0
</pre>
Otherwise they have no effect}}

===== Konfiguration: /etc/sysctl.conf =====
In {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}} some fine tuning has to be done to get suspend/resume working properly:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=0
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>

==== Graphics device ====
Generally you have to remove the option {{path|VESA }} from the kernel configuration.
* Intel GM45: It is important in resume operation that the kernel restores the registers of the Intel graphics chip and not of the VESA graphics board.
The DRM drivers are loaded via {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
i915_load="YES"
</pre>
* ATi Radeon RV620 {{Todo|ATi Radeon RV620}}

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

=== Mouse ===
<pre>
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
</pre>
=== Network ===
==== LAN ====
<pre>
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 7.3.8> port 0x1840-0x185f mem 0xfc100000-0xfc11ffff,0xfc325000-0xfc325fff irq 20 at device 25.0 on pci0
em0: Using an MSI interrupt
em0: Ethernet address: <mac address lan>
</pre>
==== Wifi ====
<pre>
iwn0: <Intel Ultimate N WiFi Link 5300> mem 0xf4300000-0xf4301fff irq 17 at device 0.0 on pci3
wlan0: Ethernet address: <mac address wlan>
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
{{Todo|Bluetooth}}

=== Sound ===
For the access to the sound devices a module must be loaded. Put the follwong line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
snd_hda_load="YES"
</pre>
The boot messages should show the followg lines:
<pre>
hdac0: <Intel 82801I HDA Controller> mem 0xfc320000-0xfc323fff irq 17 at device 27.0 on pci0
hdacc0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) HDA CODEC> at cad 0 on hdac0
hdaa0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) Audio Function Group> at nid 1 on hdacc0
pcm0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Front Analog)> at nid 22 and 24 on hdaa0
pcm1: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Internal Analog)> at nid 26 and 29 on hdaa0
hdacc1: <Conexant (0x2c06) HDA CODEC> at cad 1 on hdac0
</pre>
It is also possible to check if the sound devices are identified:

{{cmdroot|cat /dev/sndstat}}

A possible result is
<pre>
Installed devices:
pcm0: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Front Analog)> (play/rec) default
pcm1: <Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa) (Internal Analog)> (play/rec)
</pre>
=== MATE Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Additional Hardware ==

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
{{Todo|Thinkpad buttons}}

== Special thanks ==
A special thanks to Yamagi of [https://www.bsdforen.de BSDForen.de] for essential hints for the configuration of suspend/resume. Also thanks to the author of the patch described above.

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+9.2-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=amd64&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=amd64&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]

[[Category: T400]] [[Category: FreeBSD]]

Installing FreeBSD (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400

2014-08-23T11:39:15Z

Juedan:

Category:T400

2014-08-22T14:07:46Z

Juedan: added FreeBSD installtion section

__NOTOC__
{| width="100%"
|style="vertical-align:top" |
<div style="margin: 0; margin-right:10px; border: 1px solid #dfdfdf; padding: 0em 1em 1em 1em; background-color:#F8F8FF; align:right;">
=== ThinkPad T400 ===
This page gives an overview of the ThinkPad T400.

==== Standard Features ====
*One of the following processors:
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor P8400 (2.26GHz, 3MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 25W)
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor P8600 (2.4GHz, 3MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 25W)
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor P8700 (2.53GHz, 3MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 25W)
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor T9400 (2.53GHz, 6MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 35W)
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor P9500 (2.53GHz, 6MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 25W)
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor P9550 (2.66GHz, 6MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 35W)
** Intel® Core™2 Duo processor T9600 (2.8GHz, 6MB L2, 1066MHz FSB, TDP 35W)
* One of the following graphics adapter options:
** [[Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 4500MHD]]
** [[Switchable Graphics]] with [[Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 4500MHD|Intel GMA 4500MHD]] and [[ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3470]] (256 MB)
* One of the following [[TFT display]]s:
** 14.1" TFT display with 1280x800 (WXGA) resolution
** 14.1" TFT display with 1280x800 (WXGA) resolution with LED backlight
** 14.1" TFT display with 1440x900 (WXGA+) resolution
** 14.1" TFT display with 1440x900 (WXGA+) resolution with LED backlight
* 2 or 4GB [[PC3-8500]] memory standard, upgradable to 8GB
* One of the following storage options:
** 64GB 1.8" SATA SSD
** 80GB 5400rpm 2.5" SATA HDD
** 160GB 5400rpm 2.5" SATA HDD
** 160GB 7200rpm 2.5" SATA HDD
** 200GB 7200rpm 2.5" SATA HDD Available with [[Full Disk Encryption (FDE)]]
** 250GB 5400rpm 2.5" SATA HDD
** 320GB 5400rpm 2.5" SATA HDD
* [[Intel Gigabit Ethernet (10/100/1000) PCI-Express]]
* Intel HD Audio with a [[CX20561]] codec
* [[ThinkPad Modem (MDC-3.0, 56kbps HDA)]]
* [[Ultrabay|Serial Ultrabay Slim]] with one of the following:
** None (empty)
**[[Serial Ultrabay Slim DVD-ROM Drive]]
**[[Serial Ultrabay Slim CD-RW/DVD combo Drive]]
**[[Serial Ultrabay Slim DVD Burner]]
**[[Serial Ultrabay Slim Blu-ray Burner]]
* [[MiniPCI Express slot]] 1 with one of the following:
** [[Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN)]]
** [[Intel Wifi Link 5300 (AGN)]]
** [[Intel WiMAX/WiFi Link 5150]]
** [[Intel WiMAX/WiFi Link 5350]]
** [[ThinkPad 11b/g/n Wireless LAN Mini-PCI Express Adapter II]]
* [[MiniPCI Express slot]] 2 with one of the following:
** None (empty, not upgradable)
** None (WWAN upgradable)
** [[Sierra Wireless MC5725|Verizon Mobile Broadband]]
** [[Ericsson F3507g Mobile Broadband Module|AT&T Mobile Broadband with GPS]]
* [[MiniPCI Express slot]] 3 with one of the following:
** None (empty, not upgradable)
** [[Intel® Turbo Memory hard drive cache]] up to 2GB
** [[Wireless USB (UWB)]]
* [[ExpressCard slot|ExpressCard/54 slot]]
* 1 Slot with one of the following:
** 1 [[CardBus slot]] (Type 2)
** [[Lenovo Integrated Smart Card Reader]]
** [[Ricoh_R5C843|7-in-1 Memory reader]] (MMC, Memory Stick, Mem Stick Pro, SD, SDHC, XD, XD Type H Memory)
* [[Embedded Security Subsystem|Trusted Computing Group TPM 1.2]]
* [[Active Protection System]]
* [[Integrated Fingerprint Reader]] on select models
* [[ThinkPad_Bluetooth_with_Enhanced_Data_Rate_(BDC-2.1)|Bluetooth]] on select models
* [[UltraNav]] (TrackPoint / Touchpad combo)
* [[Firewire Port|Firewire 400]] (IEEE1394a) (Ricoh Co Ltd R5C832 IEEE 1394 Controller)
* [[Intel Active Management Technology (AMT)]] on select models
* 1.3MP [[Integrated camera]] on select models
* Battery
** ThinkPad Battery 33 (4 Cell Lithium-Ion, 14.4 V, 2.6 Amp/Hr)
** ThinkPad Battery 33+ (6 Cell Lithium-Ion, 10.8 V, 5.2 Amp/Hr)
** ThinkPad Battery 33++ (9 Cell Lithium-Ion, 10.8 V, 7.8 Amp/Hr)
</div>
|style="vertical-align:top" |
[[Image:ThinkPadT400.jpg|ThinkPad T400|300px]]
|}

=== Resources ===
* [http://www-307.ibm.com/pc/support/site.wss/product.do?template=/product.do?template=%2Fproductpage%2Flandingpages%2FproductPageLandingPage.vm&sitestyle=lenovo&brandind=10&familyind=422606&machineind=0&modelind=0&partnumberind=0&subcategoryind=0&doctypeind=9&doccategoryind=0&operatingsystemind=49979&validate=true Lenovo Product page]
* [http://www5.pc.ibm.com/europe/me.nsf/webdocs-L/Data+Sheet:EMEA_Datasheet+ThinkPad+T400_T500+notebooks:English/$FILE/EMEA_DS_Q2_09_1746.pdf EMEA_Datasheet ThinkPad T400 T500 notebooks - 13 Aug 2008 (PDF 3791751 Bytes)]
* [http://www-307.ibm.com/pc/support/site.wss/document.do?sitestyle=lenovo&lndocid=MIGR-70069 Hardware Maintenance Manual]

=== Reviews ===
* [http://www.notebookreview.com/default.asp?newsID=4946 www.notebookreview.com] 2009-04-03 (Updated)
* [http://www.pcworld.com/reviews/product/43937/review/thinkpad_t400.html www.pcworld.com] 2009-03-11
* [http://www.notebookreview.com/default.asp?newsID=4569 www.notebookreview.com] 2008-10-27
* [http://www.notebookjournal.de/tests/648 www.notebookjournal.de] 2008-10-27
* [http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2330565,00.asp www.pcmag.com] 2008-10-27

=== Linux Installation ===

'''Ubuntu:'''
*[[Install Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) on a ThinkPad T400]]
*[[Install Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) on a ThinkPad T400]]
*[[Install Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) on a ThinkPad T400]]
*[[Save power with Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) on a ThinkPad T400]]
*[[Install Ubuntu 12.10 (The Quantal Quetzal) on a ThinkPad T400]]

'''Fedora:'''
*[[Installing Fedora 10 on a ThinkPad T400]]

'''Gentoo:'''
*[[Install Gentoo on a Thinkpad T400]]

'''Slackware:'''
*[[Install Slackware 12.2 on a Thinkpad T400]]

=== FreeBSD Installation ===

'''FreeBSD 10:'''
*[[Installing FreeBSD 10 (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400]]

[[Category:T Series]]

Installing FreeBSD (amd64) on a ThinkPad T400

2014-08-22T14:04:31Z

Juedan: â†Created page with '== Features == FreeBSD is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® deve...'

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:28:17Z

Juedan: Adding mouse section

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Mouse ===
After several experimentations with usb mice I found out that adding the following solved some troubles.
*Suspend state: To turn off the mouse daemon add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/moused stop
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the mouse daemon in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/moused start
</pre>
You also have to add this line in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Under FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is impossible to enable DRI and DRI2 because there are unknown problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. So DRI/DRI2 must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. But with Gnome 2.26 there are problems that were unknown under earlier versions:
* Turning off the external powersupply forces the notebook to suspend mode
* xscreensave does not switch to suspend mode when the configured time is reached
* Sometimes {{key|Fn}} suspends the notebook
{{NOTE|I do not know whether these problems base on HAL or on the applications itself. I think they are HAL related. But HAL is nearly un-maintainable because of the huge and bad documented configuration files: '''they are written in XML!'''}}

There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD]]

Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:18:26Z

Juedan:

Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:15:27Z

Juedan: moved Installing FreeBSD 8 on a ThinkPad T43 to Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43: For newer Thinkspads you have to use FreeBSD 7/8 amd64

Installing FreeBSD 8 on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:15:27Z

Juedan: moved Installing FreeBSD 8 on a ThinkPad T43 to Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43: For newer Thinkspads you have to use FreeBSD 7/8 amd64

#REDIRECT [[Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:14:14Z

Juedan: moved Installing FreeBSD 7 on a ThinkPad T43 to Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43: For newer Thinkpads you have to use FreeBSD 7/8 amd64

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Under FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is impossible to enable DRI and DRI2 because there are unknown problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. So DRI/DRI2 must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. But with Gnome 2.26 there are problems that were unknown under earlier versions:
* Turning off the external powersupply forces the notebook to suspend mode
* xscreensave does not switch to suspend mode when the configured time is reached
* Sometimes {{key|Fn}} suspends the notebook
{{NOTE|I do not know whether these problems base on HAL or on the applications itself. I think they are HAL related. But HAL is nearly un-maintainable because of the huge and bad documented configuration files: '''they are written in XML!'''}}

There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:14:14Z

Juedan: moved Installing FreeBSD 7 on a ThinkPad T43 to Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43: For newer Thinkpads you have to use FreeBSD 7/8 amd64

#REDIRECT [[Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43]]

Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2010-01-23T06:10:18Z

Juedan:

Category:FreeBSD

2009-12-26T09:29:30Z

Juedan: /* Forums */

{| width="100%"
|style="vertical-align:middle;padding-right:20px;width:10px;" | [[Image:Freebsd_logo.jpg|FreeBSD logo]]
|style="vertical-align:top" |
<div style="margin: 0; margin-right:10px; border: 1px solid #dfdfdf; padding: 0em 1em 1em 1em; background-color:#F8F8FF; align:right;">
=== FreeBSD ===
FreeBSD is a free, open source, Unix-like operating system descended from AT&T UNIX via the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) branch through 386BSD and 4.4BSD. It runs on processors compatible with the Intel x86 family, as well as on the DEC Alpha, the UltraSPARC processors by Sun Microsystems, the Itanium (IA-64) and AMD64 processors. Support for the ARM architecture, MIPS and PowerPC architectures are currently in development.
</div>
|}
__NOTOC__

==History and development==
Initial development of FreeBSD was started in 1993, and took its sources from 386BSD. However, due to concerns about the legality of all the sources used in 386BSD, FreeBSD re-engineered much of the system with the FreeBSD 2.0 release in January of 1995 using the 4.4BSD-Lite release from the University of California, Berkeley. The FreeBSD Handbook includes more historical information about the genesis of FreeBSD.

==Linux Compatibility==
FreeBSD provides binary compatibility with several other UNIX-like operating systems, including Linux. The reasoning behind this is generally attributed to being able to run applications developed for Linux, often commercial, that are only distributed in binary form and thus cannot be ported to FreeBSD without the will of those who control the source code.

In a nutshell, it allows FreeBSD users to run a majority of the applications that are only distributed as Linux binaries. When compared to the vast number of native applications available for FreeBSD using the Ports Collection, these applications are in the minority. Applications used under the Linux compatibility layer include StarOffice, the Linux version of Netscape, Adobe Acrobat, RealPlayer, VMware, Oracle, WordPerfect, Skype, Doom 3, the Unreal Tournament series, and so on. It is also reported that in some situations, Linux binaries perform better on FreeBSD than they do under Linux.

Though there are many applications that run flawlessly under the compatibility layer, it should be noted that the layer is not complete, thus rendering some Linux binaries unusable on FreeBSD or limiting their functionality. One example of this is Cedega, TransGaming's product to run Microsoft Windows games on Linux. Its usage is largely crippled at this time due to an incomplete compatibility layer. There has, however, been limited success in using it to run games on FreeBSD.

==License==
As with its sister operating systems, OpenBSD, NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD, the code in FreeBSD is released under the terms of a variety of licenses. Most newly created code is released under the terms of the three-clause BSD License, which allows everyone to use and redistribute FreeBSD as they wish, as long as they do not remove the copyright notice and the BSD license itself. This does not prohibit re-distribution under another license. There are also parts under the GPL, LGPL, ISC and the four-clause BSD license.

==External Links==
=== General Information ===
* [http://www.freebsd.org/ FreeBSD] - Official Website.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Wikipedia's Article On FreeBSD] - Used to create this article, more information there.
=== Manuals ===
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
=== Forums ===
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de], [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de] and [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de]
* FreeBSD main forum: [http://forums.freebsd.org/ The FreeBSD Forums]

== Legal notices ==
* FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
* UNIX is a registered trademark of [http://www.unix.org/ The Open Group]

Category:FreeBSD

2009-12-26T09:27:59Z

Juedan: Additional Links

{| width="100%"
|style="vertical-align:middle;padding-right:20px;width:10px;" | [[Image:Freebsd_logo.jpg|FreeBSD logo]]
|style="vertical-align:top" |
<div style="margin: 0; margin-right:10px; border: 1px solid #dfdfdf; padding: 0em 1em 1em 1em; background-color:#F8F8FF; align:right;">
=== FreeBSD ===
FreeBSD is a free, open source, Unix-like operating system descended from AT&T UNIX via the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) branch through 386BSD and 4.4BSD. It runs on processors compatible with the Intel x86 family, as well as on the DEC Alpha, the UltraSPARC processors by Sun Microsystems, the Itanium (IA-64) and AMD64 processors. Support for the ARM architecture, MIPS and PowerPC architectures are currently in development.
</div>
|}
__NOTOC__

==History and development==
Initial development of FreeBSD was started in 1993, and took its sources from 386BSD. However, due to concerns about the legality of all the sources used in 386BSD, FreeBSD re-engineered much of the system with the FreeBSD 2.0 release in January of 1995 using the 4.4BSD-Lite release from the University of California, Berkeley. The FreeBSD Handbook includes more historical information about the genesis of FreeBSD.

==Linux Compatibility==
FreeBSD provides binary compatibility with several other UNIX-like operating systems, including Linux. The reasoning behind this is generally attributed to being able to run applications developed for Linux, often commercial, that are only distributed in binary form and thus cannot be ported to FreeBSD without the will of those who control the source code.

In a nutshell, it allows FreeBSD users to run a majority of the applications that are only distributed as Linux binaries. When compared to the vast number of native applications available for FreeBSD using the Ports Collection, these applications are in the minority. Applications used under the Linux compatibility layer include StarOffice, the Linux version of Netscape, Adobe Acrobat, RealPlayer, VMware, Oracle, WordPerfect, Skype, Doom 3, the Unreal Tournament series, and so on. It is also reported that in some situations, Linux binaries perform better on FreeBSD than they do under Linux.

Though there are many applications that run flawlessly under the compatibility layer, it should be noted that the layer is not complete, thus rendering some Linux binaries unusable on FreeBSD or limiting their functionality. One example of this is Cedega, TransGaming's product to run Microsoft Windows games on Linux. Its usage is largely crippled at this time due to an incomplete compatibility layer. There has, however, been limited success in using it to run games on FreeBSD.

==License==
As with its sister operating systems, OpenBSD, NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD, the code in FreeBSD is released under the terms of a variety of licenses. Most newly created code is released under the terms of the three-clause BSD License, which allows everyone to use and redistribute FreeBSD as they wish, as long as they do not remove the copyright notice and the BSD license itself. This does not prohibit re-distribution under another license. There are also parts under the GPL, LGPL, ISC and the four-clause BSD license.

==External Links==
=== General Information ===
* [http://www.freebsd.org/ FreeBSD] - Official Website.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD Wikipedia's Article On FreeBSD] - Used to create this article, more information there.
=== Manuals ===
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
=== Forums ===
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* FreeBSD main forum: [http://forums.freebsd.org/ The FreeBSD Forums]

== Legal notices ==
* FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
* UNIX is a registered trademark of [http://www.unix.org/ The Open Group]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-12-26T09:05:25Z

Juedan: /* External links */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Under FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is impossible to enable DRI and DRI2 because there are unknown problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. So DRI/DRI2 must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. But with Gnome 2.26 there are problems that were unknown under earlier versions:
* Turning off the external powersupply forces the notebook to suspend mode
* xscreensave does not switch to suspend mode when the configured time is reached
* Sometimes {{key|Fn}} suspends the notebook
{{NOTE|I do not know whether these problems base on HAL or on the applications itself. I think they are HAL related. But HAL is nearly un-maintainable because of the huge and bad documented configuration files: '''they are written in XML!'''}}

There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD]]

Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-12-26T09:05:05Z

Juedan: /* External links */

Installing FreeBSD 8 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-12-26T08:56:43Z

Juedan: FreeBSD 8 does not run anymore

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-08-29T11:34:42Z

Juedan: BSDGroup.de thrown out, UNIXForen.de instead

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Under FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is impossible to enable DRI and DRI2 because there are unknown problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. So DRI/DRI2 must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. But with Gnome 2.26 there are problems that were unknown under earlier versions:
* Turning off the external powersupply forces the notebook to suspend mode
* xscreensave does not switch to suspend mode when the configured time is reached
* Sometimes {{key|Fn}} suspends the notebook
{{NOTE|I do not know whether these problems base on HAL or on the applications itself. I think they are HAL related. But HAL is nearly un-maintainable because of the huge and bad documented configuration files: '''they are written in XML!'''}}

There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [http://unixforen.de/ UNIXForen.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-07-29T18:07:50Z

Juedan: /* Gnome Desktop */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Under FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is impossible to enable DRI and DRI2 because there are unknown problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. So DRI/DRI2 must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. But with Gnome 2.26 there are problems that were unknown under earlier versions:
* Turning off the external powersupply forces the notebook to suspend mode
* xscreensave does not switch to suspend mode when the configured time is reached
* Sometimes {{key|Fn}} suspends the notebook
{{NOTE|I do not know whether these problems base on HAL or on the applications itself. I think they are HAL related. But HAL is nearly un-maintainable because of the huge and bad documented configuration files: '''they are written in XML!'''}}

There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-07-29T17:42:50Z

Juedan: /* Video */ DRI must be disabled!

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Under FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is impossible to enable DRI and DRI2 because there are unknown problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. So DRI/DRI2 must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-07-19T17:44:49Z

Juedan: /* Video */ updating some infos about DRI and suspend/resume

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.4_2
* X.Org X Server 1.6.1,1
* Release Date: April, the 14th 2009

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create the configuration file {{path||/root/xorg.conf.new}}based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|Since FreeBSD 7.2 and Xorg 7.4 it is possible to enable DRI and DRI2 and there are any known problems with suspend und resume if it is enabled. On older versions of FreeBSD and/or Xorg DRI must be disabled!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "dri2"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "TRUE"
Option "AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-07-16T06:57:26Z

Juedan: /* Network */ additional lines for /etc/rc.suspend and /etc/rc.resume

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable operating system with many features for customization, including power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments, there are many applications which were designed specifically for notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free''', and the open source BSD license it is distributed under make sure it will continue to be free. Since FreeBSD is open source and a framework has been set up to easily do so, it is possible to build a custom kernel, allowing faster booting and operation since you can remove any features unneeded in your specific operations.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.ko}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control the kernel module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} must be loaded, four lines added to {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}, and the computer rebooted:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:Add this line to load the module {{path|cpufreq.ko}} on each boot, allowing the CPU frequency to be modified:
<pre>
cpufreq_load="YES"
</pre>
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:Add these four lines to enable automatic control of the CPU frequency:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
performance_cx_lowest="C3"
economy_cx_lowest="C3"
</pre>

This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the CPU. By default, the computer runs in a state called C1. During periods of low activity, it is possible to shut down parts of the processor, including clocks, and disconnect from the system bus. In the C2 state, the CPU shuts down clocks. In the C3 state, additional power can be saved by disconnecting from the system bus and shutting down the CPU for a short time. This can provide significant power savings without any real cost. Using the paramters {{cmd|performance_cx_lowest|}} and {{cmd|economy_cx_lowest|}}, it is possible to tell {{cmd|powerd|}} the maximum state to put the CPU into. When allowing {{cmd|powerd|}} to use C3, it can be beneficial to add a line like the one below to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
kern.hz=100
</pre>
This modifies the interrupt rate of the kernel. By default it is 1000 interrupts per second. With a very slight increase (9ms!) in time between interrupts, it is possible to maximize the benefit from using C3. This might make the computer slightly less responsive, but with significant power gains.

With the command {{cmd|sysctl|}} the CPU parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C3
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 0.00% 2.42% 97.57% 0.00%
</pre>

The bottom line shows the time spent in each state, in the format
<pre>C1 C2 C3 C4</pre>
This can be used to assess the gain from enabling C3.
For additional tips on saving power, there is a [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2009-May/006436.html helpful message] on the official freebsd-current mailing list.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

;WLAN with suspend and resume
There is a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. To prevent this an easy way is to add some lines to two scripts
*Suspend state: To allow to jump in a clean suspend state add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.suspend}}:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif stop
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces stopped
</pre>
*Resume state: To setup the WLAN interface in the right way after resuming add the following line to {{path|/etc/rc.resume}}:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
/etc/rc.d/netif start
logger -t $subsystem network interfaces startet
</pre>
The command ''logger'' is used to write some information to the logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}} so that the administrator has the chance to solve problems.
{{WARN|These line must be added before (!!!) the line
<pre>
sync && sync && sync
</pre>
}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-03-17T19:02:42Z

Juedan: /* Post-Installation Setup */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff
mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf
mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
{{cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu}}
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

There must be a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. If the WLAN does not come up after resume then you should try that tip which is shown in the file itself:
Add or comment out the folowing line:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
</pre>
If that does not help then try the '''hard methode''' by adding this line instead of the last tip:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif restart
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-03-17T18:55:30Z

Juedan: /* Post-Installation Setup */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,
MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block"
has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller,
ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller
USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller>
mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge>
mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller>
port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,
0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3;
wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

There must be a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. If the WLAN does not come up after resume then you should try that tip which is shown in the file itself:
Add or comment out the folowing line:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
</pre>
If that does not help then try the '''hard methode''' by adding this line instead of the last tip:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif restart
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-03-17T18:53:01Z

Juedan: /* CPU controlling */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737
1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075
600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

There must be a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. If the WLAN does not come up after resume then you should try that tip which is shown in the file itself:
Add or comment out the folowing line:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
</pre>
If that does not help then try the '''hard methode''' by adding this line instead of the last tip:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif restart
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installation instructions for the ThinkPad T43

2009-03-05T16:49:40Z

Juedan: /* FreeBSD-specific instructions */

Specific installation notes for the ThinkPad {{T43}}.

==Distribution-specific instructions==
*{{Install|Debian|/Sarge|T43}}
*{{Install|Debian|/Sid|T43}}
*{{Install|Fedora| Core 4|T43}}
*{{Install|Fedora| Core 4|T43}} (2668) [[http://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Installing_Fedora_Core_4_on_a_ThinkPad_T43_%282668%29]]
*{{Install|Fedora| Core 5|T43}} (2686)
*{{Install|Fedora| Core 6|T43}} (2668)
*{{Install|Gentoo||T43}} (2668)
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 5.04|T43}} (1875)
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 5.10|T43}} (1871)
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 6.06|T43}}
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 6.10|T43}} (2668)
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 7.04|T43}}
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 7.10|T43}}
*{{Install|Ubuntu| 8.10|T43}}
*{{Install|OpenSUSE| 10.1|T43}} (2668)
*{{Install|MacOSX| X86 (Hackintosh) 10.4.x|T43}} (2668)
*{{Install|Arch| 2007.08-2|T43}} (2668)
==FreeBSD-specific instructions==
*{{Install|FreeBSD| 7|T43}} (2668)

==External instructions==
* [http://linux.spiney.org/debian_gnu_linux_on_an_ibm_thinkpad_t43p Debian Linux on an IBM Thinkpad T43p]
* [http://wiki.foosel.net/linux/t43 Debian GNU/Linux Etch on an IBM ThinkPad T43]
* [http://sth.freeshell.org/t43-linux.html Gentoo on T43]
* [http://www.cs.ust.hk/~joseph/Favorites/Debian/UbuntuOnIBMThinkpadT43.html Ubuntu on IBM ThinkPad T43 (2668-HH5)]
* [http://ce.et.tudelft.nl/~zhijiangchang/index.html#useful How to make windows, linux and AcessIBM work all together]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2009-03-01T09:14:15Z

Juedan: /* Known Issues */: Additional information about APIC

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering

{{cmdroot|acpiconf -s 3}}

works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

By disabling the ''advanced interrupt controller APIC'' the problem can solved partly. Responsible for that is the hardware abstraction layer HAL which is provided by FreeDesktop.org [http://www.freedesktop.org].
For disabling the APIC the file {{path|/boot/device.hints}} has to edited in the following way:

{{bootparm|hint.apic.0.disabled|"1"}}

{{WARN|After disabling the APIC there are no IRQs free on the system for Cardbus-Cards, PCCards or PCMCIA-Cards}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

There must be a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. If the WLAN does not come up after resume then you should try that tip which is shown in the file itself:
Add or comment out the folowing line:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
</pre>
If that does not help then try the '''hard methode''' by adding this line instead of the last tip:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif restart
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-10-05T13:41:45Z

Juedan: /* Network */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

There must be a problem with wireless lan adaptors while resuming the notebook. If the WLAN does not come up after resume then you should try that tip which is shown in the file itself:
Add or comment out the folowing line:
<pre>
/usr/sbin/wpa_cli reassociate
</pre>
If that does not help then try the '''hard methode''' by adding this line instead of the last tip:
<pre>
/etc/rc.d/netif restart
</pre>

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-10-02T21:01:49Z

Juedan: /* Network */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that at this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your router so that nobody can get access from the internet to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-10-02T17:41:42Z

Juedan: /* References */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that az this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your so that nobody from the internet could get access to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-10-02T17:36:27Z

Juedan: /* Network */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

Setting up a wireless network is as easy as with a normal network adaptor. There are some small but important differencies, as you can see. First off all the name of the WLAN adaptor is ''ath0'' which shows us that the chipset is from Atheros.
The setup has to done in the two files {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} and {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}. The last one is important for the security of your WLAN.
{{WARN|Please do not use any WEP "security". Better use WPA or even better use WPA2!}}
Now to the setup.
; {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
ifconfig_ath0="WPA ssid <SSID> DHCP"
</pre>
: This enables DHCP and WPA support. The place holder <SSID> means that az this position you have to enter the SSID from your WLAN router.
: To get the full WPA support the following file has to be created:
; {{path|/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf}}:
: In this file only a few lines are neccessary for getting a connection:
<pre>
network={
ssid="<SSID of your WLAN router>"
psk="<PSK key of your WLAN router>"
}
</pre>
With this few lines you get access to your router.
{{WARN|Do not forget to setup your router in the right way. Activate the firewall (packet filter) in your so that nobody from the internet could get access to your notebook! If you do not know how to do this then you '''should''' or better '''must''' consult a specialist!}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-30T06:44:54Z

Juedan: additions and typos

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

The mouse device in the section '''"InputDevice" Identifier "T43Mouse"''' of the Xorg configuration communicates with the driver {{path|/dev/sysmouse}}. To enable the device driver the mouse daemon ''moused'' has to be activated in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} with the following entry:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
For more information see subsection [[#USB Mouse|USB Mouse]] in of this article.

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) shown, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about [[#ACPI|ACPI]] the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysmouse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysmouse(4)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html ums(4)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-30T06:36:45Z

Juedan: /* USB Memory Sticks */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) shown, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Mouse ===
The trackpoint of the ThinkPad 43 is a great device. It is really very good usable and the you can do an exact work with it. But sometime it is better to use a real mouse device.
{{HINT|If your FreeBSD uses the generic kernel ''GENERIC'' then you do not need to execute the next step.}}
To enable the USB mouse support you have to add either to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} the following entry
<pre>
ums_load="YES"
</pre>
or to the kernel configuration file this pieces
<pre>
device ums
device uhci
device ohci
device usb
</pre>
If you have chosen the last option a new kernel has to be compiled and installed. This is described in the FreeBSD handbook in [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html chapter 8].

I use an USB mouse from Saitek (Saitek Notebook Optical Mouse) which comes with the following signature:

{{cmdroot|usbdevs -v}}
<pre>
port 1 addr 2: low speed, power 100 mA, config 1, PS/2+USB Mouse(0x0210),
vendor 0x1267(0x1267), rev 0.01
</pre>

To enable the mouse support in the system configuration {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the following entry should be added:
<pre>
moused_enable="YES"
</pre>
Further parameters are submitted by the entry
<pre>
moused_flags="..."
</pre>
For these parameters look at the man page for [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html moused(8)].
{{HINT|Now the USB mouse can be connected or disconnected during operation and the system recognizes this.}}

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about ACPI the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-28T16:27:21Z

Juedan:

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect. Here is the link to the discussion in the mailing list: [http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-acpi/2008-September/005125.html freebsd-acpi]}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following components were detected which are important for additional setup:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs me a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and you have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem has to be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The '''readonly''' option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satisfaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables access for the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With the device change state daemon (devd) it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand two lines have to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enables the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be listed as shown in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up Xorg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is done in a few minutes.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) shown, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===
On my notebook I have chosen Gnome Desktop as my preferred GUI. In my opion it looks better is more easier to handle. There are some applications and applets that are recommended for your work with a notebook:
==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====
; Gnome-Power-Manager
: Sorry, to tell this, but the Gnome-Power-Manager currently does not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]. I do not know why. I think this applet needs some configuration.
: Here an screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png|none|Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel]]
: A very good feature is that the current state of charging or discharging the battery can be shown in an diagram:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png|none|thump|200px|Power consumption diagram]]
: A screenshot of the info dialogbox of the Gnome-Power-Manager:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Energieverwaltung.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about the applet]]
; Gnome-Battery-Applet
: This applet was installed from me because the Gnome-Power-Manager does not show the current status of the battery. Here an screenshot of the Battery-Applet in the lower panel:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png|caption Gnome-Battery-Applet in the lower panel]]
: Here an screenshot of the info dialogbox of Gnome-Battery-Applet:
[[Image:Bildschirmfoto-Info_zu_Batterieladeanzeige.png|none|thump|200px|caption Information about Gnome-Battery-Applet]]

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

=== USB Memory Sticks ===
The USB memory sticks that I have tested do not work with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 7. Normally the USB sticks are represented as SCSI devices ''/dev/da*'' because the CAM layer is responsible.
; Connecting and Removing
: With some sticks this will cause system panics. This should be solved with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8
; Writing data
: When the USB memory stick was successfull mounted and some data are written to it, all the data are lost
With the new USB stack that will be introduced with [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] Version 8 all this problems are hopefully solved.

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about ACPI the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which executes all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>
Do not forget to set the right for execution access!

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* est (no manpage), p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

File:Bildschirmfoto-EnergieverbrauchPanel.png

2008-09-28T15:58:52Z

Juedan: Screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel. This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43"

Screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager in the upper panel.
This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43"

File:Bildschirmfoto-BatteryApplet.png

2008-09-28T15:54:09Z

Juedan: Screenshot of the Gnome-Battery-Applet This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43"

Screenshot of the Gnome-Battery-Applet
This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43"

File:Bildschirmfoto-Info zu Energieverwaltung.png

2008-09-28T15:45:21Z

Juedan: Screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager. This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43""

Screenshot of the Gnome-Power-Manager.
This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43""

File:Bildschirmfoto-Info zu Batterieladeanzeige.png

2008-09-28T15:44:52Z

Juedan: Screenshot of Gnome Battery Applet. This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43""

Screenshot of Gnome Battery Applet.
This screenshot was taken from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43""

File:Bildschirmfoto-Energieverbrauch.png

2008-09-28T15:43:29Z

Juedan: Screenshot of energy consumption diagraph which is part of the Gnome-Power-Manager. This screenshot was take from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43"

Screenshot of energy consumption diagraph which is part of the Gnome-Power-Manager.
This screenshot was take from the desktop from Juergen Dankoweit notebook and is used in the article "Installing FreeBSD 7 on a Thinkpad T43"

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-22T17:25:54Z

Juedan: /* Thinkpad buttons */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect.}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following for additional setup important components are detected:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem must be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The readonly option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satifaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With device change state daemon it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers are needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand there has two lines to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enable the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be list as show in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up XOrg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is in a few minutes done.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) can be done, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about ACPI the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interesting key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which execute all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>

== See also ==

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* est (no manpage) p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:55:23Z

Juedan: /* CPU controlling */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect.}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following for additional setup important components are detected:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem must be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The readonly option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satifaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With device change state daemon it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers are needed (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other hand there has two lines to be added in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enable the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be list as show in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up XOrg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is in a few minutes done.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) can be done, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about ACPI the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interestin key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which execute all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>

== See also ==

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* est (no manpage) p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:48:56Z

Juedan: /* References */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect.}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following for additional setup important components are detected:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem must be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The readonly option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satifaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With device change state daemon it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers need (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other it has to be add two entries in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enable the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be list as show in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up XOrg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is in a few minutes done.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) can be done, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about ACPI the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interestin key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which execute all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>

== See also ==

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]
* est (no manpage) p4tcc (no manpage)

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:45:10Z

Juedan: /* CPU controlling */

== Features ==
[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''[[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best way to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here: [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect.}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following for additional setup important components are detected:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
|
| ''est0'' || Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control on cpu0
|-
|
| ''p4tcc0'' || CPU Frequency Thermal Control on cpu0
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem must be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The readonly option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satifaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With device change state daemon it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all these files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully these tests are successful.

=== CPU controlling ===
To enable frequency control there are on the one hand two device drivers need (''est0'' and ''p4tcc0'') and on the other it has to be add two entries in {{path|/etc/rc.conf}}:
<pre>
powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b adaptive -n adaptive"
</pre>
This enable the automatic control of frequency parameters of the cpu.

With the command sysctl the cpu parameters can be list as show in the following example:
[[cmdroot|sysctl dev.cpu]]
<pre>
dev.cpu.0.%desc: ACPI CPU
dev.cpu.0.%driver: cpu
dev.cpu.0.%location: handle=\_PR_.CPU_
dev.cpu.0.%pnpinfo: _HID=none _UID=0
dev.cpu.0.%parent: acpi0
dev.cpu.0.freq: 800
dev.cpu.0.freq_levels: 1866/27000 1632/23625 1600/23700 1400/20737 1333/20400 1166/17850 1066/17100 932/14962 800/13800 700/12075 600/10350 500/8625 400/6900 300/5175 200/3450 100/1725
dev.cpu.0.cx_supported: C1/1 C2/1 C3/85 C4/185
dev.cpu.0.cx_lowest: C1
dev.cpu.0.cx_usage: 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
</pre>

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up XOrg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changes were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is in a few minutes done.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{path|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) can be done, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{path|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>

In the subsection [[#Thinkpad buttons|Thinkpad buttons]] of the section [[#Tips and Tricks|Tips and Tricks]] you can see how to enable and disable the Bluetooth device.

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{path|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Additional Hardware ==
In this section some interesting hardware for the ThinkPad T43 is shown. It is tested under [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and works perfect.

=== Adaptec SCSI-Card ===
A few years ago Adaptec has developed a PCCard for connecting SCSI devices to the notebook. It is called ''Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460D''. This PCCard is recognized correctly from [[:Category:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and the device driver ''aic1'' is responsible for that piece of hardware. The card can be changed during a session without restarting the whole system.
{{NOTE|The Adaptec SlimSCSI 1460 adapter has to be inserted in the lower slot of the two PCCard/PCMCIA slots!}}

Here a short excerpt of the system logfile {{path|/var/log/messages}}:
;inserting of the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: <Adaptec, Inc. APA-1460 SCSI Host Adapter> at port 0x340-0x35f irq 16
function 0 config 9 on pccard0
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: AIC6360, dma, disconnection, parity check, fast SCSI
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
Sep 20 17:24:24 t43 kernel: aic1: [ITHREAD]
</pre>
;removing the card:
<pre>
Sep 20 17:25:34 t43 kernel: aic1: detached
</pre>
It is an interesting option for backup solutions. So it is possible to connect an tape streamer or DVD-RAM drive (e.g. Panasonic LF-D201, 4,7GB single sided, 9,4GB double sided).

== Tips and Tricks ==
In this section some tips and tricks are described.

=== Thinkpad buttons ===
In the section about ACPI the key pair {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F4}} was used to switch to suspend mode. The other interestin key pair is {{key|Fn}} + {{key|F5}} which enables or disables the buildin Bluetooth device. Instead of writing for each function a separate script it is better to have one script which execute all functions.

To get the script run you must modify the entry in {{path|/etc/devd.conf}}:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
action "/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh $notify ibm";
};
</pre>

Here is the (extendable) script with the name {{path|/usr/sbin/acpi_keys.sh}}:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#

# Check if all parameters are set
if [ "$1" = "" -o "$2" = "" ]
then
echo "usage: $0 notify oem_name"
exit 1
fi

# storing the parameters in variables
NOTIFY=`echo $1`
OEM=$2

# for easier modification set some variables to system commands
LOGGER="/usr/bin/logger"
SYSCTL="/sbin/sysctl"
ACPICONF="/usr/sbin/acpiconf"

# start scripts for bluetooth
# important: set all to "YES" in /etc/rc.conf!

# hcsecd_enable="YES"
HCSECD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd start"
HCSECD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/hcsecd stop"

# sdpd_enable="YES"
SDPD_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd start"
SDPD_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/sdpd stop"

# bluetooth_enable="YES"
BT_ENABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth start ubt0"
BT_DISABLE="/etc/rc.d/bluetooth stop ubt0"

# check which key was pressed
case ${NOTIFY} in
0x04)
# suspend/resume key Fn + F4
MESSAGE="ACPI mode S3 activated"
${ACPICONF} -s 3
;;
0x05)
# bluetooth on/off key Fn + F5
LEVEL=`sysctl -n dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth`
if [ "$LEVEL" = "1" ]
then
${MOBILE_DISABLE}
${HCSECD_DISABLE}
${SDPD_DISABLE}
${BT_DISABLE}
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=0
MESSAGE="bluetooth disabled"
else
${SYSCTL} dev.acpi_${OEM}.0.bluetooth=1
MESSAGE="bluetooth enabled"
sleep 2
${HCSECD_ENABLE}
${SDPD_ENABLE}
${BT_DISABLE} # reinitialize BT stack
${BT_ENABLE}
fi
;;
*)
;;
esac

# log all activities to syslog (/var/log/messages)
${LOGGER} ${MESSAGE}

exit 0
</pre>

== See also ==

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=aic&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html aic(4)]

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:36:02Z

Juedan:

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:16:32Z

Juedan: /* Bluetooth */

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:13:58Z

Juedan: /* Bluetooth */

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-21T09:08:58Z

Juedan: /* Tips and Tricks */

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-20T16:03:34Z

Juedan:

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-19T19:21:34Z

Juedan:

== Features ==
FreeBSD is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

FreeBSD offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

FreeBSD makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''FreeBSD is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect.}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following for additional setup important components are detected:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I was able to get everything to work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem must be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The readonly option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satifaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Search for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With device change state daemon it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all this files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully this tests are successful.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up XOrg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{PATH|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changed were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
The configuration of the LAN device Broadcom Ethernet Controller BCM5750 (bge0) is very easy and it is in a few minutes done.
; Network with DHCP
: In this case in the system wide configuration file {{PATH|/etc/rc.conf}} only these entries have to be inserted:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
ifconfig_bge0="DHCP"
</pre>
: That's it
; Network without DHCP
: Here you have to insert in the file {{PATH|/etc/rc.conf}} the IP address of the notebook, the fully qualified hostname and the default router:
<pre>
hostname="t43.domain.tld"
defaultrouter="<IP address of the router>"
ifconfig_bge0="<IP address of the notebook>"
</pre>

If the notebook is used in an network with wireless LAN the following lines describe how to do a setup of the WLAN card.

{{Todo|The setup around the Atheros card (ath0) can be done, when my new WLAN is configured}}

=== Bluetooth ===
Bluetooth works under FreeBSD well. It depends on which devices you use. Generally one line has to be added to {{PATH|/boot/loader.conf}}:
<pre>
ng_ubt_load="YES"
</pre>
This enables the Bluetooth stack for other drivers and daemon processes.

In my case I use an Siemens S55 mobile phone. Therefore the following three lines enabling a communication with the mobile:
<pre>
hcsecd_enable="YES"
sdpd_enable="YES"
bluetooth_enable="YES"
</pre>
{{Todo|Description of the entries and a small startup script for establishing a connect to mobile phone}}

=== Sound ===
For enabling the sound card only one line in {{PATH|/boot/loader.conf}} has to be added:
<pre>
snd_ich_load="YES"
</pre>
Now the sound card can do its job.

=== Gnome Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Notes ==

== See also ==

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]

== External links ==
* [http://www.freebsd.org The FreeBSD Homepage]
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]
* German forums: [https://portal.bsdgroup.de/? BSDGroup.de] and [http://www.bsdforen.de/ BSDForen.de]
* [https://laptop.bsdgroup.de/freebsd/index.html FreeBSD Laptop List]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]

Installing FreeBSD 7 (i386) on a ThinkPad T43

2008-09-19T11:27:49Z

Juedan:

== Features ==
FreeBSD is an UNIX operating system for x86 and others compatible architectures. It is derived from BSD, the version of UNIX® developed at the University of California, Berkeley. It is developed and maintained by a team of individuals.

FreeBSD offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features which are still missing in some of the best commercial operating systems.

FreeBSD makes an ideal Internet or Intranet server. It provides robust network services under the heaviest loads and uses memory efficiently to maintain good response times for thousands of simultaneous user processes. But on notebooks it is a very usable and a great operating system with many features for power management.

With over 17,000 ported libraries and applications for desktop, server, appliance, and embedded environments. There are many applications which were designed for the use with notebooks.

The best is that '''FreeBSD is free'''. On the one side the licence model guaranties that (BSD or BSDL licence) and on the other hand it costs nothing. It is certainly possible to buy CDs or DVDs.

== Installation ==
The best to install FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T43 is to download the ISO files and burn them. You can find the ISOs right here [ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/ISO-IMAGES FTP Server of FreeBSD]. Choose the version you want to install.
{{HINT|It is better to choose one of the mirrors which you can find here: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html List of mirrors]}}

=== Known Issues ===
Everythings works like a charme except one thing: Suspend und Resume.
{{WARN|Currently suspend and resume works only once. I don't know whether it depends on the operation system or on Gnome powermanagement. Entering # acpiconf -s 3 works perfect.}}

== Post-Installation Setup ==
After installation of FreeBSD you have to do some additional setup. Most things work out of the box, but some parts need additional configuration.

First of all type dmesg on a console and you will see which hardware is detected from GENERIC kernel:


<pre>
# dmesg | more
</pre>

You get an output like the following:

<pre>
Copyright (c) 1992-2008 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 7.1-PRERELEASE #0: Fri Sep 19 07:11:52 CEST 2008
juergen@t43.juergendankoweit.net:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/T43
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU)
Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
Features=0xafe9fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,PBE>
Features2=0x180<EST,TM2>
AMD Features=0x100000<NX>
real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <IBM TP-1Y >
ACPI Warning (tbfadt-0505): Optional field "Gpe1Block" has zero address or length: 0 102C/0 [20070320]
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 1
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
ath_hal: 0.9.20.3 (AR5210, AR5211, AR5212, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413)
acpi0: <IBM TP-1Y> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi_ec0: <Embedded Controller: GPE 0x1c, ECDT> port 0x62,0x66 on acpi0
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 3ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-safe" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 850
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x1008-0x100b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 16 at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x2000-0x20ff mem 0xc0000000-0xc7ffffff,0xb0100000-0xb010ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
drm0: <ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22> on vgapci0
info: [drm] Initialized radeon 1.25.0 20060524
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 20 at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller, ASIC rev. 0x4101> mem 0xb0200000-0xb020ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX PHY> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-FDX, auto
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:15:58:30:2a:a3
bge0: [ITHREAD]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> irq 22 at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
uhci0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> port 0x1800-0x181f irq 16 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci0: [ITHREAD]
usb0: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-A> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb0
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> port 0x1820-0x183f irq 17 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci1: [ITHREAD]
usb1: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-B> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> port 0x1840-0x185f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci2: [ITHREAD]
usb2: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-C> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb2
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> port 0x1860-0x187f irq 19 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
uhci3: [ITHREAD]
usb3: <Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-D> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: <Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb3
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xb0000000-0xb00003ff irq 19 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801FB (ICH6) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: <Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usb4
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci11: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
cbb0: <RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge> mem 0xb4010000-0xb4010fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci11
cardbus0: <CardBus bus> on cbb0
pccard0: <16-bit PCCard bus> on cbb0
cbb0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: <Atheros 5212> mem 0xb4000000-0xb400ffff irq 21 at device 2.0 on pci11
ath0: [ITHREAD]
ath0: WARNING: using obsoleted if_watchdog interface
ath0: Ethernet address: 00:14:a4:5c:86:b4
ath0: mac 5.9 phy 4.3 radio 3.6
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> port 0x1c00-0x1cff,0x1880-0x18bf mem 0xb0000800-0xb00009ff,0xb0000400-0xb00004ff irq 22 at device 30.2 on pci0
pcm0: [ITHREAD]
pcm0: <Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec>
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x18c0-0x18cf at device 31.2 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
est0: <Enhanced SpeedStep Frequency Control> on cpu0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
acpi_lid0: <Control Method Lid Switch> on acpi0
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
acpi_tz0: <Thermal Zone> on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x2000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: configured irq 4 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio0: port may not be enabled
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 8250 or not responding
sio0: [FILTER]
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
battery0: <ACPI Control Method Battery> on acpi0
acpi_acad0: <AC Adapter> on acpi0
acpi_ibm0: <IBM ThinkPad ACPI Extras> on acpi0
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xc0000-0xcffff,0xd1800-0xd27ff,0xdc000-0xdffff,0xe0000-0xeffff pnpid ORM0000 on isa0
ppc0: parallel port not found.
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ubt0: <Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2> on uhub2
ubt0: Interface 0 endpoints: interrupt=0x81, bulk-in=0x82, bulk-out=0x2
ubt0: Interface 1 (alt.config 4) endpoints: isoc-in=0x83, isoc-out=0x3; wMaxPacketSize=64; nframes=5, buffer size=320
Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1862012116 Hz quality 800
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
ad0: 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0-master UDMA100
acd0: DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1-master UDMA33
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8083N 0K04> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(bluetooth) after domainfinalize()
WARNING: attempt to net_add_domain(netgraph) after domainfinalize()
</pre>

As easily can be seen the following for additional setup important components are detected:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left"
|-
! Device Type !! Device Driver !! Device Name
|-
| CPU
| ''CPU'' || Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.86GHz (1862.01-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x6d8 Stepping = 8
|-
| Memory
| ''RAM'' || real memory = 1072562176 (1022 MB), avail memory = 1040035840 (991 MB)
|-
| LAN controller
| ''bge0'' || Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller BCM5750 10/100/1000baseTX
|-
| WLAN controller
| ''ath0'' || Atheros 5212
|-
| (S)ATA controller
| ''atapci0'' || Intel ICH6M SATA150 controller
|-
| sound device
| ''pcm0'' || Intel ICH6 (82801FB): Analog Devices AD1981B AC97 Codec
|-
| USB controller
| uhci''n'' || Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) USB controller USB-''N'' (''n'': 1...4, ''N'': A...D)
|-
| CardBus controller
| ''cbb0'' || RF5C476 PCI-CardBus Bridge
|-
| Bluetooth device
| ''ubt0'' || Broadcom IBM Bluetooth Module, class 224/1, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 on uhub2
|-
| video controller
| ''drm0'' || ATI Radeon Mobility X300 M22
|-
| harddrive
| ''ad0'' || 38154MB <HTS541040G9AT00 MB2IA5BJ> at ata0 master UDMA100
|-
| optical drive
| ''acd0'' || DVDROM <HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8083N/0K04> at ata1 master UDMA33
|}

=== General System Settings ===
The general system settings are done in my case in the following files:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
:In this file you enter modules and settings which must be loaded or set '''before''' the kernel is loaded.
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Here you can modify device settings and turn on or off devices
;{{path|/etc/rc.conf}}
:This file is called by the FreeBSD init subsystem. All daemons which should be started and additional settings for these daemons are done done in this file
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file all settings are done which manipulate deverse kernel parameters
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:This file configurates the behavior of the devd ''device state change daemon''

The following sections describe the parameters for each component.

{{WARN|The following sections describe how I got everything work. These are only hints. I am not responsible for any damages which were caused through these settings. You are responsible for yourself what you are doing!}}

=== ACPI ===
This section is the most difficult part of the description.

ACPI stands for '''Advanced Configuration and Power Interface''' which defines common interfaces for hardware recognition, motherboard and device configuration and power management. FreeBSD and ACPI is difficult relationship: either it works or it works not. But it is on the way getting better.

It costs a lot of time to get ACPI to work. Therefore a small hint if you want to do it on your own:
When you are doing some configuration and testing on your ACPI settings then you will soon recognize that the notebook will be inaccessable and have to press the {{ibmkey|Power|#494949}} button. The system does not have any chance to shutdown the filesystem and this will result that at every boot the filesystem must be checked and corrected.
Therefore it is a good idea to manipulate the mount table {{path|/etc/fstab}} like the following example:
<pre>
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass#
/dev/ad0s1b none swap sw 0 0
/dev/ad0s1a / ufs rw 1 1
# /dev/ad0s1g /home ufs rw 2 2
/dev/ad0s1d /tmp ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs ro 2 2
/dev/ad0s1e /var ufs ro 2 2
# /dev/acd0 /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
linprocfs /compat/linux/proc linprocfs rw 0 0
</pre>

The readonly option for the mount command prevents the corruption of the filesystem. If there are important files on your home partition then it is better not to mount it.
When everthing works for your satifaction then you can restore the old state of the mount table.

To make ACPI work under FreeBSD the following files have to be edited:
;{{path|/boot/loader.conf}}
: Add the following line for loading the module {{path|acpi_ibm.mo}} to enable the Thinkpad specific functions like Thinkpad keys:
<pre>
acpi_ibm_load="YES"
</pre>
:This module can also be loaded directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|kldload acpi_ibm}}
;{{path|/boot/device.hints}}
:Serach for the lines which sets the parameters for the mouse driver. They look like these:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.at="atkbdc"
hint.psm.0.irq="12"
</pre>
:Add or change the flags to this value:
<pre>
hint.psm.0.flags="0x2000"
</pre>
: This enables the mouse daemon after resume.
;{{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}
:In this file the diverse ACPI states have to connected to several events:
<pre>
hw.acpi.reset_video=1
hw.acpi.lid_switch_state=S3
hw.acpi.sleep_button_state=S3
hw.acpi.power_button_state=S5
hw.acpi.sleep_delay=3
hw.acpi.verbose=1
</pre>
:You also have to enable the Thinkpad buttons with
<pre>
dev.acpi_ibm.0.events=1
</pre>
:When the notebook resumes after a suspend call it is very likely that the display shows nothing or only rubbish. The reason is that the video controller is not in an defined state. It does not know whether it should display the textmode or the graphics mode. Therefore the switching to the textmode must be enabled:
<pre>
hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=0
</pre>
:This values can also be changed directly from the console. For this use the command
:{{cmdroot|sysctl <mib>}}
:where ''mib '' represents each line of {{path|/etc/sysctl.conf}}.
;{{path|/etc/devd.conf}}
:With device change state daemon it is possible to react on changes in the device state. This can be used for calling the suspend mode. For this the following lines have to be added to the configuration file:
<pre>
notify 10 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "IBM";
match "notify" "0x04";
action "/usr/sbin/acpiconf -s 3";
};
</pre>
:After this the devd daemon has to be restarted:
:{{cmdroot|/etc/rc.d/devd restart}}

After changing all this files or values you can do some tests. Hopefully this tests are successful.

=== Video ===
On my Thinkpad I use the following XOrg version:
* X.Org Version 7.3
* X.Org X Server 1.4.0
* Release Date: 5 September 2007

Setting up XOrg is very easy and can be done in a few minutes. For this enter on the console
{{cmdroot|X -configure}}
This will create a configuration file based on the hardware Xorg has found. This file should be copied to
{{PATH|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}
after the changed were made.

{{WARN|It is very important to disable DRI (direct rendering interface) because DRI is responsible for system crashes when calling suspend or resume. Therefore the line ''Option "DRI" "FALSE"'' in the section ''Section "Device", Identifier "T43Card"'' is highly recommended!}}

Here is my working XOrg configuration:
<pre>
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "X.org Configured"
Screen 0 "T43Screen" 0 0
InputDevice "T43Mouse" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "T43Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/local/share/X11/rgb"
ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/StarType"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "GLcore"
Load "dbe"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "glx"
Load "record"
Load "xtrap"
Load "freetype"
Load "type1"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Keyboard"
Option "XKBLayout" "de"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "T43Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "T43Monitor"
VendorName "IBM"
ModelName "TFT-Thinkpad T43"
Option "DPMS" "TRUE"
Modeline "1024x768" 56.00 1024 1072 1104 1184 768 771 775 790 +hsync -vsync
DisplaySize 285 213
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "T43Card"
Driver "radeon"
VendorName "ATI Technologies Inc"
BoardName "M22 [Mobility Radeon X300]"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "AGPMode" "1"
Option "DynamicClocks" "TRUE"
Option "VGAAccess" "TRUE"
Option "DRI" "FALSE"
Option "PanelSize" "1024x768"
Option "DDCMode" "TRUE"
Option "MonitorLayout" "LVDS"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "TRUE"
Option "VBERestore" "TRUE"
Option "DevicePresence" "TRUE"
# Option "BIOSHotkeys" "ON"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "T43Screen"
Device "T43Card"
Monitor "T43Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Modes "1024x768"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
</pre>

=== Network ===
ath und bge

=== Bluetooth ===

=== Sound ===

=== Gnome Desktop ===

==== Applications ====

==== Applets ====

== Notes ==

== See also ==

== References ==
The following man pages are important for understanding:
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html devd.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xorg.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE+and+Ports&format=html xorg.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html sysctl.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html rc.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpiconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html acpiconf(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kldload&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html kldload(8)], [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html loader.conf(5)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.0-RELEASE&format=html device.hints(5)]
== External links ==
* The excellent FreeBSD manual: [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook]

[[Category: T43]] [[Category: FreeBSD 7]]