ThinkWiki - User contributions [en]

Installing Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Tribe on a ThinkPad R61

2008-03-06T11:49:53Z

Billgian: /* External Links */

Update 9/19/07
So, it's been a while and I haven't reinstalled but I have been constantly updating my system. The system seems much more stable now and only once in a while will the updates cause some kind of glitch which is usually fixed on the same day. The laptop is now running Compiz-Fusion and preformance is much much better. ACPI has been broken for a while and I didn't really bother with fixing it. Evolution with the exchange connector has become so reliable that the only problem that remains is the Global Address list on a remote station which I can't get to work. I know that there was concern regarding the audio fix and mic/headphone function. They work fine although the internal mic is a bit low on volume (this may be related to hardware and not software). The headphone jack and mic jack preform great! That's it. I will surely post an alternative tutorial once I reinstall the laptop from scratch.

Installing Ubuntu on a Thinkpad R61
There are many problems with installing Ubuntu on the R61 since it uses the latest hardware (mostly unsupported by linux at this point)

First I chose to install Gutsy which includes the latest intel video drivers, xorg and the latest alsa as well.

I chose to use the alternate install CDs (installing in text mode is less likely to fail) when I tried to install feisty I had to add the irqpoll switch
== at boot but there is no need in gutsy for this. Aside from this the install went pretty smoothly and I chose to keep the IBM/Windows bootloader so I wouldn't loose Rescue and recovery.

Next step was getting video up to par. Video works fine out of the box using the vesa driver but i wasn't able to get beryl up on the vesa driver so I ventured and used the new intel opensource drivers. My xorg.conf is posted below. They work fine but have a little bug in gnome where the resolution is 1280x800 at the bottom of the screen but on the top it thinks it's 1024x768. The xorg.conf has the correct resolutions and the upper right corner is usable but gnome still believes the resolution is at 1024x768. Notice the short top panel in the screenshot.[[Image:Screenshot.png]]
[[Image:screenshot1.png]]

The next step is getting the sound up and running. I used the latest patch for the AD1984 codec by Takashi [http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/AD1984 found here]and there is a small script which was put out for the T61 which enables the sound. I have posted the python script at the bottom. Simply save the file to your HD and run the python script as root, you can later run it at boot so you have sound all the time. After that the sound works great. I haven't tested the Mic yet but the speakers work.

Wireless worked out of the box but there are still a few bugs in Gutsy regarding the keymanager and the wifi applet.
This is the first post I am putting up so I am a bit lost on organizing and uploading screenshots and links. I will try to update and add all the missing info.

Update 9/13/07

I did a fresh install of Gusty today, and sound worked without patches after following the audio directions on the T61 installation page to configure the volume control applet.

Update 8/3/07 - Screen bug fixed ==

just add the following to xorg.conf:

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "TVOutput"
Option "Disable" "true"
EndSection

and then in the Device Section add the following

Option "monitor-TV" "TVOutput"

== xorg.conf ==

<pre>
# /etc/X11/xorg.conf (xorg X Window System server configuration file)
#
# This file was generated by dexconf, the Debian X Configuration tool, using
# values from the debconf database.
#
# Edit this file with caution, and see the xorg.conf(5) manual page.
# (Type "man xorg.conf" at the shell prompt.)
#
# This file is automatically updated on xserver-xorg package upgrades *only*
# if it has not been modified since the last upgrade of the xserver-xorg
# package.
#
# If you have edited this file but would like it to be automatically updated
# again, run the following command:
# sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

Section "Files"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi"
# path to defoma fonts
FontPath "/var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "i2c"
Load "bitmap"
Load "ddc"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "freetype"
Load "glx"
Load "int10"
Load "vbe"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
Driver "kbd"
Option "CoreKeyboard"
Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
Option "Protocol" "ImPS/2"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Synaptics Touchpad"
Driver "synaptics"
Option "SendCoreEvents" "true"
Option "Device" "/dev/psaux"
Option "Protocol" "auto-dev"
Option "HorizScrollDelta" "0"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Driver "wacom"
Identifier "stylus"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/wacom"
Option "Type" "stylus"
Option "ForceDevice" "ISDV4" # Tablet PC ONLY
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Driver "wacom"
Identifier "eraser"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/wacom"
Option "Type" "eraser"
Option "ForceDevice" "ISDV4" # Tablet PC ONLY
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Driver "wacom"
Identifier "cursor"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/wacom"
Option "Type" "cursor"
Option "ForceDevice" "ISDV4" # Tablet PC ONLY
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "Generic Video Card"
Driver "intel"
BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
Option "XAANoOffscreenPixmaps"
Option "UseFBDev"
Option "TripleBuffer" "true"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Generic Monitor"
Option "DPMS"
Modeline "1280x800@60" 83.91 1280 1312 1624 1656 800 816 824 841
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "Generic Video Card"
Monitor "Generic Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 1
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 4
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 8
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 15
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 16
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen "Default Screen"
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
InputDevice "stylus" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "cursor" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "eraser" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "Synaptics Touchpad"
EndSection

Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection

Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "true"
EndSection
</pre>

== Audio Script ==
<pre>
#!/usr/bin/env python

# Andrew Clunis <aclunis@infoglobe.ca>

# Stupid userspace workaround for intel-hda breakage in kernels (at least)
# 2.6.20 to 2.6.22 on the ThinkPad T61. Breakage in the driver causes all
# audio out to be permanently muted.

# I noticed, however, that I could hear perhaps 250 ms worth of music
# whenever the PC speaker was sounded (although, conveniently, not the tone
# itself).

# Just run this program as root and your speakers (but not microphone or
# earphone jacks) will magically work.

KIOCSOUND = 0x4B2F

import fcntl, sys

import time

# Do a constant beep.
# Reset the beep every five seconds, in case it is cleared by another program.
while(True):
fd = open("/dev/console")
fcntl.ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, 500)
fd.close()
time.sleep(5)

</pre>

[[:Category:R61]]
=External Links=
*[http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R61 General Linux guide for the ThinkPad R61]

Installing Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Tribe on a ThinkPad R61

2008-03-02T06:04:16Z

Billgian: /* Links */

Installing Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Tribe on a ThinkPad R61

2008-03-02T06:03:59Z

Billgian:

Update 9/19/07
So, it's been a while and I haven't reinstalled but I have been constantly updating my system. The system seems much more stable now and only once in a while will the updates cause some kind of glitch which is usually fixed on the same day. The laptop is now running Compiz-Fusion and preformance is much much better. ACPI has been broken for a while and I didn't really bother with fixing it. Evolution with the exchange connector has become so reliable that the only problem that remains is the Global Address list on a remote station which I can't get to work. I know that there was concern regarding the audio fix and mic/headphone function. They work fine although the internal mic is a bit low on volume (this may be related to hardware and not software). The headphone jack and mic jack preform great! That's it. I will surely post an alternative tutorial once I reinstall the laptop from scratch.

Installing Ubuntu on a Thinkpad R61
There are many problems with installing Ubuntu on the R61 since it uses the latest hardware (mostly unsupported by linux at this point)

First I chose to install Gutsy which includes the latest intel video drivers, xorg and the latest alsa as well.

I chose to use the alternate install CDs (installing in text mode is less likely to fail) when I tried to install feisty I had to add the irqpoll switch
== at boot but there is no need in gutsy for this. Aside from this the install went pretty smoothly and I chose to keep the IBM/Windows bootloader so I wouldn't loose Rescue and recovery.

Next step was getting video up to par. Video works fine out of the box using the vesa driver but i wasn't able to get beryl up on the vesa driver so I ventured and used the new intel opensource drivers. My xorg.conf is posted below. They work fine but have a little bug in gnome where the resolution is 1280x800 at the bottom of the screen but on the top it thinks it's 1024x768. The xorg.conf has the correct resolutions and the upper right corner is usable but gnome still believes the resolution is at 1024x768. Notice the short top panel in the screenshot.[[Image:Screenshot.png]]
[[Image:screenshot1.png]]

The next step is getting the sound up and running. I used the latest patch for the AD1984 codec by Takashi [http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/AD1984 found here]and there is a small script which was put out for the T61 which enables the sound. I have posted the python script at the bottom. Simply save the file to your HD and run the python script as root, you can later run it at boot so you have sound all the time. After that the sound works great. I haven't tested the Mic yet but the speakers work.

Wireless worked out of the box but there are still a few bugs in Gutsy regarding the keymanager and the wifi applet.
This is the first post I am putting up so I am a bit lost on organizing and uploading screenshots and links. I will try to update and add all the missing info.

Update 9/13/07

I did a fresh install of Gusty today, and sound worked without patches after following the audio directions on the T61 installation page to configure the volume control applet.

Update 8/3/07 - Screen bug fixed ==

just add the following to xorg.conf:

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "TVOutput"
Option "Disable" "true"
EndSection

and then in the Device Section add the following

Option "monitor-TV" "TVOutput"

== xorg.conf ==

<pre>
# /etc/X11/xorg.conf (xorg X Window System server configuration file)
#
# This file was generated by dexconf, the Debian X Configuration tool, using
# values from the debconf database.
#
# Edit this file with caution, and see the xorg.conf(5) manual page.
# (Type "man xorg.conf" at the shell prompt.)
#
# This file is automatically updated on xserver-xorg package upgrades *only*
# if it has not been modified since the last upgrade of the xserver-xorg
# package.
#
# If you have edited this file but would like it to be automatically updated
# again, run the following command:
# sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

Section "Files"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi"
FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi"
# path to defoma fonts
FontPath "/var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType"
EndSection

Section "Module"
Load "i2c"
Load "bitmap"
Load "ddc"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "freetype"
Load "glx"
Load "int10"
Load "vbe"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
Driver "kbd"
Option "CoreKeyboard"
Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
Option "Protocol" "ImPS/2"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Synaptics Touchpad"
Driver "synaptics"
Option "SendCoreEvents" "true"
Option "Device" "/dev/psaux"
Option "Protocol" "auto-dev"
Option "HorizScrollDelta" "0"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Driver "wacom"
Identifier "stylus"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/wacom"
Option "Type" "stylus"
Option "ForceDevice" "ISDV4" # Tablet PC ONLY
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Driver "wacom"
Identifier "eraser"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/wacom"
Option "Type" "eraser"
Option "ForceDevice" "ISDV4" # Tablet PC ONLY
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Driver "wacom"
Identifier "cursor"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/wacom"
Option "Type" "cursor"
Option "ForceDevice" "ISDV4" # Tablet PC ONLY
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "Generic Video Card"
Driver "intel"
BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
Option "XAANoOffscreenPixmaps"
Option "UseFBDev"
Option "TripleBuffer" "true"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Generic Monitor"
Option "DPMS"
Modeline "1280x800@60" 83.91 1280 1312 1624 1656 800 816 824 841
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "Generic Video Card"
Monitor "Generic Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 1
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 4
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 8
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 15
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 16
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1280x800" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen "Default Screen"
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
InputDevice "stylus" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "cursor" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "eraser" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "Synaptics Touchpad"
EndSection

Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection

Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "true"
EndSection
</pre>

== Audio Script ==
<pre>
#!/usr/bin/env python

# Andrew Clunis <aclunis@infoglobe.ca>

# Stupid userspace workaround for intel-hda breakage in kernels (at least)
# 2.6.20 to 2.6.22 on the ThinkPad T61. Breakage in the driver causes all
# audio out to be permanently muted.

# I noticed, however, that I could hear perhaps 250 ms worth of music
# whenever the PC speaker was sounded (although, conveniently, not the tone
# itself).

# Just run this program as root and your speakers (but not microphone or
# earphone jacks) will magically work.

KIOCSOUND = 0x4B2F

import fcntl, sys

import time

# Do a constant beep.
# Reset the beep every five seconds, in case it is cleared by another program.
while(True):
fd = open("/dev/console")
fcntl.ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, 500)
fd.close()
time.sleep(5)

</pre>

[[:Category:R61]]
=Links=
*[http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R60e General Linux guide for the ThinkPad R60e]

Installing Ubuntu on a ThinkPad R60e

2008-03-02T06:00:25Z

Billgian: /* External Sources */

== Overview ==
There are no particular problems installing Ubuntu on a {{R60e}}.

=== versions ===
Most of the information here is based on a clean install of 6.06.1 with upgrade to {{Ubuntu 7.10}} via {{Ubuntu 6.10}} and {{Ubuntu 7.04}}. Significant changes particular to these versions are noted here..

'''Ubuntu 6.10 "Edgy Eft"'''

If the wireless kill switch is active during boot, that is wireless and bluetooth are switched off, there is a high probability that a "soft lockup on CPU0" will occur during boot. Boot appears to be ok provided the wireless is on during boot. See [https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/linux-source-2.6.17/+bug/63418 Bug 63418].

The problem with the wireless kill switch seems to have been fixed in kernel 2.6.20.

'''{{Ubuntu 7.10}} "Gutsy Gibbon" '''
The version of Xorg in Gutsy includes RandR version 1.2 this entails some significant revision of the config of X for two screens described at [[#Using_xrandr_with_Ubuntu_7.10]] below. See also [[Xorg RandR 1.2]]

== Partition and Boot ==
If the Windows and Service Partitions are to be retained then the Gnome Partition Editor can be used from the live cd to shrink the Windows partition (sda1).
The IBM recovery partition is placed at the end of the HD disk and contains a cut down version of WinNT. Note that the Recovery partion is not located on a cylinder boundary and is placed between 'unused' disk areas, 3MB in front and 7MB behind. These appear to contain the diagnostics programs and should not be moved or resized if the diagnostics and R&R programs are required.

To repartion:
boot to Windows and immediately create a Rescue and Recover disk set. The first disc of the set must be a CD (though if you put a DVD in it will be formatted and writen as a CD disc); this is a bootable disc. The second stage of the disc writing process will write to either one DVD or 5 CDs. Restoring from these disks will restore to factory state, which means the entire hard drive is reformatted. After the disc set is created it is not possible to create a second set. (Although if you update the R+R program you can create a new backup CD/DVD.)

However, if you have a USB HD you can also create a Rescue and Recovery copy on that. I have not tried (sucessfully) but I it should be possible to boot and restore from a USB HD recovery set and preserve any new partitions provided that: the windows partition is not too small, and the Recovery partition is preserved.

boot with Ubuntu live CD, use Gnome Partition editor to shrink the IBM_PRELOAD (sda1) partition.

reboot to Windows and let it run chkdsk

boot Ubuntu Live CD and install

The live CD will install GRUB to the MBR. For most users with a simple dual boot (Linux + Win) this will be fine; the installer will identify both IBM_PRELOAD and the service partition and provide boot options for both. (If you have need of a more complex boot arrangement, such as multiple linux versions then install using the Ubuntu '''alternate''' install CD.) Edit
{{path|/boot/grub/menu.lst}} to add the hide and unhide lines (this will prevent Windows showing the Service Partition).

# This entry automatically added by the Debian installer for a non-linux OS
# on /dev/sda1
title Microsoft Windows XP Professional
hide (hd0,1)
root (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1

# This entry automatically added by the Debian installer for a non-linux OS
# on /dev/sda2
title IBM/Lenovo Maintenance
unhide (hd0,1)
root (hd0,1)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1

== Kernel ==

For current versions (from 6.10) the default kernel ''linux-image-generic'' will fully support SMP and CoreDuo processors so installing a kernel should not be necessary. Restricted modules are required for the Intel wireless card.

== Xorg.config for two screens ==

For Ubuntu Gutsy (7.10 alpha) see section below and [[Xorg RandR 1.2]]. Note also that if upgrading to Gutsy from Feisty the old Xorg.conf will be retained and the i810 rather than the Intel driver will be used. The graphical configuration at System: Administration: Screens and Graphics (displayconfig-gtk) may be usable with the i810 driver, whereas it will probably wreck your xorg.conf if used with the Intel driver.

===Intel 945GM with the i810 driver===
The i810 driver is used in versions before {{Ubuntu 7.10}}.
Configuration options are described in the driver man page {{cmduser|man i810}}. The following sections are for a configuration with the laptop screen as the primary display and an second display on the D-SUB15 analogue VGA port. The second display is expected to be a flat panel or a data projector ('beamer').
There are some tradeoffs with Xorg.conf, the version below is intended to give the best available resolution with a variety of external screens without the need to change xorg.conf. See the notes at the end of this section for some other optimisations.

Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel 945GM Internal LCD"
Driver "i810"
BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
Screen 0
Option "MonitorLayout" "CRT,LFP"
VideoRAM 126976
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel 945GM External D-SUB15"
Driver "i810"
BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
Screen 1

# some additional possibilities (see man i810 for cryptic explanations)
# Option "CheckLid" "yes"
# Option "Clone" "no"
# Option "CloneRefresh" "60"
# Option "FlipPrimary" "no"
# Option "DisplayInfo" "yes"
# Option "Rotate" "0"
# Option "DevicePresence" "true"
# Option "LinearAlloc" "0"
# Option "Legacy3D" "no"
# Option "AperTextSize" "32768"
EndSection

'''Resolution and timing'''

X and the graphics adaptor will detect an external screen if present and attempt to auto negotiate an appropriate resolution and refresh rate. It is unclear from the Xorg/XFree documentation how the useable video modes are selected/rejected but it appears that if a monitor is connected to the VGA connector the highest available VESA resolution will not be selected unless it has a refresh rate of 75Hz or more. As the optimum refresh rate for a flat panel display is usualy 60Hz, and often the highest (native) resolution only available at this rate, it may be necessary to set a mode line for best performance.

In the case of a data projector, these appear designed to accept inputs for resolutions and refresh rates far in excess of their native SVGA or XGA capabilities and automaticaly convert down, which may entail a loss of image quality. Thus, for these also, forcing a reasonable resolution and refresh rate is desirable.

The possible modes for a connected monitor can be discovered by looking at the X log file {{cmduser|sudo nano -w /etc/X11/xorg.conf}} or by running {{cmduser|xvidtune}}.

Section "Modes"
Identifier "V75"
ModeLine "VGA 75" 31.50 640 656 720 840 480 481 484 500
ModeLine "SVGA 75" 49.50 800 816 896 1056 600 601 604 625
ModeLine "XGA 75" 78.80 1024 1040 1136 1312 768 769 772 800
Modeline "SXGA 75" 135.00 1280 1296 1440 1688 1024 1025 1028 1066
EndSection
Section "Modes"
Identifier "V60"
Modeline "XGA 60" 65.00 1024 1048 1184 1344 768 771 777 806
ModeLine "SXGA 60" 108.00 1280 1328 1440 1688 1024 1025 1028 1066
ModeLine "UXGA 60" 160.00 1600 1664 1856 2160 1200 1201 1204 1250
EndSection

'''The monitor'''

Most recent monitors will supply X with data on available built in modes, and this will overide the HorizSync and VertRefresh values in the config file. However some projectors do not supply this information and fail to display unless the HorizSync and VertRefresh are configured.

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "LCD on D-SUB15"
Option "DPMS"
HorizSync 31-75
VertRefresh 59-75
UseModes "V60"
UseModes "V75"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "External Screen"
Device "Intel 945GM External D-SUB15"
Monitor "LCD on D-SUB15"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
# Modes "1024x768" "1280x1024" "1600x1200" "640x480" "600x800"
Modes "XGA 60" "SXGA 60" "UXGA 60" "VGA 75" "SVGA 75"
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Laptop LCD"
Device "Intel 945GM Internal LCD"
Monitor "Lenovo 15in LCD"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1024x768"
# Virtual 1600 1200
# ViewPort 0 0
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen 0 "Laptop LCD" Absolute 0 0
Screen 1 "External Screen" RightOf "Laptop LCD"
# Screen 1 "External Screen" Absolute 1024 0
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
EndSection

Note 1 With this layout the mouse will move off the right hand edge of the laptop screen and make an entrance on the left of the external monitor. If you can't find the mouse it may be on the other screen, try moving it top left.

Note 2 The gnome desktop can be configured for each monitor. But it is not possible to transfer a window from on display to the other. Trying to start Firefox on one desktop when it is opened on another monitor will give a message: "Firefox is already running, but is not responding. To open a new window you must first close the existing Firefox process, or restart your system".

'''Xinerama'''
To be able to drag windows from one screen to another and fix the problem in Note 2, enable Xinerama extension.
However with Xinerama enabled the resolution of the external display will default to XGA, the same as the laptop screen. The Gnome menu System:Preferences:Screen Resolution will respond with: "The X Server does not support the XRandR extension. Runtime resolution changes to the display size are not available", nor will Gnome provide a separate desktop task bar etc. note [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinerama here]]
This problem can be overcome by defining the preferred resolution - and only that resolution - for the screen and server layout. eg.

Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Dell 2001FP"
DisplaySize 408 306
Option "DPMS"
HorizSync 31-80
VertRefresh 56-76
ModeLine "1600x1200" 160.00 1600 1664 1856 2160 1200 1201 1204 1250
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "External UXGA"
Device "Intel 945GM External D-SUB15"
Monitor "DELL 2100FP"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1024x768" "1280x1024" "1600x1200" "640x480" "600x800"
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen 0 "Laptop LCD" Absolute 0 0
# To move windows across screen we need Xinerama and will have to force
# the screen reolution if we want more than 1024x768 (XGA)
Option "Xinerama" "true"
Screen 1 "External UXGA" RightOf "Laptop LCD"
Screen 1 "External Screen" Absolute 1024 0
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
EndSection

This may be a better config if you always use the same external screen, but less satisfactory if you need to connect to a variety of external screens.

===Intel 945GM with the xorg Intel driver===
This driver is used by {{Ubuntu 7.10}} and later.
With X version 7.3 and xrandr version 1.2 the configuration of X for more than one screen is simplified. This section only covers {{Ubuntu 7.10}} and the {{R60e}} for other hardware and distributions see [[Xorg RandR 1.2]]

'''X RandR '''is used to set the size, orientation and reflection of the screen display outputs.

'''xrandr''' is the command line interface to the RandR X extension. As usual with X good documentation is hard to find, start with:

* [http://www.intellinuxgraphics.org/dualhead.html Intel's Dual head instructions]

then look at:
* {{cmduser|xrandr --help}}
* {{cmduser|man xrandr}}
* {{cmduser|man intel}}

If upgrading from earlier versions your old xorg.conf file may contain much that is now obsolete, so in what follows I will assume that you are starting with a fresh version of /etc/X11/xorg.conf which can be generated by

{{cmdroot|sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg}}

and then restarting X. With Gutsy ({{Ubuntu 7.10}}) using the graphical configuration (displyconfig-gtk) is likely to damage your xorg.config resulting in a 800x600 default display on reboot. In which case the above option will be useful.

The resulting {{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}} should include something like

Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller"
Driver "intel"
BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
'''# ADD THIS IF YOUR LAPTOP DOES NOT HAVE A TV CONNECTOR or DOCKING STATION '''
'''Option "monitor-TV" "TV" '''
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Generic Monitor"
Option "DPMS"
EndSection
''' # ADD THIS IF YOUR LAPTOP DOES NOT HAVE A TV CONNECTOR or DOCKING STATION '''
'''Section "Monitor" '''
'''Identifier "TV" '''
'''Option "Ignore" "True" '''
'''EndSection '''
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller"
Monitor "Generic Monitor"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
'''# ADD A VIRTUAL LINE TO PROVIDE FOR THE LARGEST SCREENS YOU WILL HOTPLUG'''
'''Virtual 2048 2048 '''
EndSubSection
EndSection
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen "Default Screen"
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
InputDevice "stylus" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "cursor" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "eraser" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "Synaptics Touchpad"
EndSection

The example above contains some modifications:
* The '''Virtual''' line. It is a limitation of the Intel driver that frame buffer size cannot be changed once X has started. Therefore in order to hotplug a variety of screens this should be set the allow for the largest combination of display resolutions you plan to use. For the Intel 945 chip in the {{R60e}} a virtual size larger than 2048 will disable DRI. (If you do not need 3D graphics that is not important.) By default the Virtual size is set to that of the largest display that is connected when X starts. (Note this means that if an external VGA is connected but not switched on it will still influence the virtual display size.)
xrandr is a Xinerama mode, the mouse and application windows move about the entire virtual screen, the physical monitors provide a display port view of a portion of that space. So if you want the laptop LCD and an external monitor to show different information the virtual size must be larger than the default.

[[Image:Intel-DualHead.png|monitor windows must fit within the virtual screen]]

* The Monitor and Device sections for '''Monitor-TV'''. The {{R60e}} does not have a TV out socket though the graphics chip provides this capability. Disabling the TV will prevent the screen of the external monitor blanking for a few seconds whenever the xrandr program is used. (Later versions of the Intel driver may have a fix for this problem.)

* The new minimalist xorg.conf should not need modelines, nor should it include HorizSync and VertRefresh in the Monitor section. For some screens (eg Dell 2001FP) it appears that xrandr will not provide the maximum display resolution when these options are present.

=== Using ''xrandr'' with {{Ubuntu 7.10}} ===
There is a Graphical Configuration Tool, ([https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/displayconfig-gtk/0.2+20070731ubuntu1 displayconfig-gtk]) included with {{Ubuntu 7.10}}. At present [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/displayconfig-gtk it dosn't work too well].It is found in the menu: 'System: Administration: Screens and Graphics'. As using it will wreck your xorg.conf (see above) I recommend removing it.

The command line xrandr however does work quite well. Note that Gnome places the menu bar on screen 0 and that limitations of the Intel chip and driver mean this Screen 0 (the external VGA monitor) will always be the default display if it is connected. This applies even if the external monitor is switched off but the cable connected: if you have a blank laptop monitor check if you have anything plugged in to the VGA port.

So, if you start X with an external monitor connected that will be the only display until you use xrandr to change things.

Open a terminal window to use the command line: 'Applications:Accessories:Terminal'

First look at the 'help' and 'man' pages.
{{cmduser|xrandr --help}}
{{cmduser|man xrandr}}

To query what we have (nothing connected to VGA)
{{cmduser| xrandr -v}}
Server reports RandR version 1.2

{{cmduser| xrandr -q }}
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1024 x 768, maximum 1920 x 1440
VGA disconnected (normal left inverted right)
LVDS connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right) 304mm x 228mm
1024x768 60.0*+ 50.0
800x600 60.3
640x480 60.0 59.9
TV disconnected (normal left inverted right)

If you see the 'TV disconnected' line but have neither TV connector nor docking station (eg Thinkpad R60e) then add to the Monitor and Device sections of xorg.conf as noted above. This will prevent the external (VGA) flashing off for a few seconds every time xrandr is used. (Newer versions of the intel driver may fix this.)

Example with the external monitor connected, powered on and a Virtual 2624x2048. (For some reason my monitor defaults to 1280x800 for its initial display so two further xrandr commands are reguired to set up.)
{{cmduser| xrandr -q }}
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1280 x 800, maximum 2624 x 2048
VGA connected 1280x800+0+0 (normal left inverted right) 367mm x 275mm
1600x1200 60.0 + 59.9
1280x1024 75.0 59.9
1152x864 74.8
1024x768 75.1 60.0
800x600 75.0 60.3
640x480 75.0 60.0
720x400 70.1
LVDS connected (normal left inverted right)
1024x768 60.0 + 50.0
800x600 60.3
640x480 60.0 59.9
1280x800 (0x46) 83.5MHz
h: width 1280 start 1344 end 1480 total 1680 skew 0 clock 49.7KHz
v: height 800 start 801 end 804 total 828 clock 60.0Hz
{{cmduser|xrandr --output LVDS --auto}}
{{cmduser|xrandr --output VGA --mode 1600x1200 --pos 1024x0 }}

More information for bug reports
{{cmduser| xrandr --verbose}}

{{cmduser| xrandr --output LVDS --auto}}
gets two screens but both at 1600x1200 cloned

{{cmduser| xrandr --output LVDS --mode 1024x768 --output VGA --off }}
gets laptop only at 1024x768

Without a virtual set in xorg.conf
{{cmduser| xrandr --output VGA --right-of LVDS --mode 1600x1200 }}
xrandr: screen cannot be larger than 1600x1600 (desired size 2624x1200)

{{cmduser| xrandr --output VGA --mode 1600x1200 --pos 0x400 }}
creates two screens with the laptop screen at bottom of the 1600x1600 window

{{cmduser| xrandr --output LVDS --mode 1024x768 --pos 0x400 }}
moves laptop screen to top of window, so both share same top line

{{cmduser| xrandr --output VGA --mode 1600x1200 --pos 0x768}}
xrandr: screen cannot be larger than 1600x1600 (desired size 1600x1968)

edit xorg.conf and ensure we have '''Virtual 2048 2048'''. Try again and it works: we have a laptop screen in a virtual position at the top of a 2048x2048 frame with the VGA monitor below.

Next edit xorg.conf and set '''Virtual 2624 2048 ''' then:

{{cmduser| xrandr --output VGA --mode 1600x1200 --pos 1024x0}}

Now it is possible to have the two windows side by side.

see also [[Sample Fn-F7 script]] to use xrandr with function key F7

* References
** '''VGA''' Analog VGA output
** '''LVDS''' Laptop panel
** [http://gitweb.freedesktop.org/?p=xorg/proto/randrproto.git;f=randrproto.txt;a=blob RandR 1.2 protocol specifications]
** [http://www.intellinuxgraphics.org/ Linux Graphics Drivers from Intel]
** [https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-intel/ Ubuntu source for Intel]
** [http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/xorg/ FreeDesktop.org Xorg archive]
**[http://wiki.x.org/wiki/Development/Documentation/HowVideoCardsWork How video cards work]

== Screen Brightness control ==
In 7.04 there is a problem with the Fn+home Fn+End screen brightness controls [https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/87028 Bug 87028].

The [http://www.mail-archive.com/ibm-acpi-devel@lists.sourceforge.net/msg00092.html workaround] is to disable video.o

echo blacklist video | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/local

Unfortunately this only fixes the blanking screen, using the Fn+Home and Fn+End provides values of bright and dim but no intermediate values [https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/61184 Bug 61184]. A fix has been posted. First check what you have
# lshal|grep smbios.system
smbios.system.version = 'ThinkPad R60e' (string)
smbios.system.product = '06574TG' (string)
smbios.system.manufacturer = 'LENOVO' (string)

then edit /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/10-laptop-panel-mgmt-policy.fdi

# sudo nano -w /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/10-laptop-panel-mgmt-policy.fdi

The original release 7.04 had a <device> block for LENOVO that tested the version string for X, T, and Z model ThinkPads but not R. A subsequent update to hal has modified the file to <deviceinfo version="0.2"> and removed the Lenovo specific code. Add to the file

<device>
<match key="info.category" string="laptop_panel">
<match key="/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer:smbios.system.manufacturer" string="LENOVO">
<match key="/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer:smbios.system.version" contains="ThinkPad R">
<merge key="laptop_panel.brightness_in_hardware" type="bool">true</merge>
</match>
</match>
</match>
</device>

save the file then
# sudo /etc/dbus-1/event.d/20hal restart
and restart X (Ctrl+Alt+Backspace)
Note: the onscreen bar display will not display the changed level.

== Sound ==
There is an option in the BIOS setup to disable the modem which seems a good idea if the modem is not needed. Do not do this, if the modem is disabled then sound will not work with Ubuntu (6.06 and Edgy knot2). (Sound does however work in WinXP with the modem disabled)

== Mouse and TrackPoint ==
see [[How to configure the TrackPoint]] Note however that to modify sensitivity and scroll rate on R60e with Ubuntu 6.06 the commands are:

# echo -n 96 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/speed
# echo -n 200 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/sensitivity

and with Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy)

# echo -n 96 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/speed
# echo -n 200 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/sensitivity

This needs to be typed in a root window; using sudo gives a permission denied.

== Wireless ==
You need to install linux-restricted-modules-generic, which contains the kernel module ath_pci. ath_pci is loaded automatically at system startup.

Feisty (7.04) includes network-manager, although useful for roaming it dosn't work well for networks which do not broadcast ESSID.

== Suspend-to-RAM ==
There seems to be a bug in edgy in relation to cpufreq governors. See [https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/linux-source-2.6.17/+bug/70602 Bug 70602] for details and a workaround.

Had to add following script to let the laptop go into supsend after the lid was closed:

#!/bin/sh
#/etc/acpi/local/lid.sh.post
grep -q closed /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
if [ $? = 0 ] ; then
/etc/acpi/sleep.sh
fi

''7.04 (Feisty)''

Both Sleep (fn+4) and Hibernate (fn+12) appear to work.

== Modem ==
If not used: see above re sound

If used: install mwave then it should work.

== to be continued ==
Bluetooth [setup appears ok, untested due to lack of bluetooth device]

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F2}} lock Screen working

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F3}} Display Battery Condition

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F4}} Sleep can be configured in Gnome power save option, but seems to disable fn+F12 hibernate; 'blank screen' sets screensaver (6.04 Dapper).
Works without additional configuration (7.04 Feisty).

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F5}} toggle Wireless/Bluetooth on/off

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F7}} Switch Screen (HKEY 00000080 00001007) see [[Sample_Fn-F7_script]]

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F8}} TrackPoint? No Effect (ibm/hotkey HKEY 00000080 00001008)

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F9}} (ibm/hotkey HKEY 00000080 00001009) (Easy Eject in WinXP)

{{key|Fn}}{{key|F12}} Suspend to disk, seems to work, but not entirely reliable, some scrambling of text console display during restart Sometimes restart hangs after reading disk, need to deactivate/reactivate wireless. (6.06 Dapper).
Does not appear to work (7.04 Feisty).

{{key|Fn}}{{key|Home}} screen brighter (ibm/hotkey HKEY 00000080 00001010)
(see notes above to fix regressions since 6.06 Dapper)

{{key|Fn}}{{key|End}} screen dims (no ibm/hotkey shown with {{cmduser|acpi_listen}})

{{key|Fn}}{{key|PgUp}} ThinkLight on/off

=External Sources=
*[http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R60e General Linux guide for the ThinkPad R60e]
*This guide is listed at the [http://tuxmobil.org/ibm.html TuxMobil Linux laptop and notebook installation survey (IBM/Lenovo)].

[[Category:R60e]]

Installing OpenSUSE 10.1 on a ThinkPad R60e

2008-03-02T05:59:58Z

Billgian: /* External Sources */

== System ==

This {{OpenSUSE}} installation was performed on a Thinkpad {{R60e}},
see [[0657-3LG]] for a complete description of the system including PCI-ID information.

== Get the DVD ==

You can download the 32bit iso images DVD from many sites such as
[ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.opensuse.org/pub/opensuse/distribution/SL-10.1/non-oss-dvd-iso/ opensuse]

== Partitioning choice ==

Im my specific case I had no interest in keeping the windows system or
the [[Predesktop Area]]. Therefore, disabled the Predesktop Area and installed the Linux system on the entire disk.

Typically, if you wish to keep you windows partition, the SuSE installer
will offer shrinking it. Note that shrinking may not be possible if your
windows partition is heavily fragmented.

== Installation ==

Simply place the DVD into the drive and boot your laptop and follow
the installation instructions which are really very straightforward.

If you choose a typical KDE installation, without adding any further
packages, you should be done in about 20 minutes.

== What works? ==

Basically everthing works out-of-the-box and requires
no further setup. The wireless board requires installing ipw3945d, but
this may be selected during installation and should also work out-of-the-box (see also wireless section).

All [[Ibm-acpi]] functions work, as well as suspend-to-disk. suspend-do-ram requires setting of
SUSPEND2RAM_FORCE=yes in System/Powermanagement/Powersave/Sleep_Modes in the /etc/sysconfig editor of Yast2.

== Not tested (yet) ==

Bluetooth, external monitor.

== Modem ==

Internal modem works excelent (both data and fax) with driver from IBM:

[ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/pc/pccbbs/mobiles/l79m05ww.rpm]

Driver is originally developed for T60p, but works without any problems on R60e (modem in both laptops are identical piece of hardware).

Instalation instructions [SuSE 10.1]:

{{cmdroot|rpm -i l79m05ww.rpm}}

== Sound ==

Sound works but not always as reliably as it should, mixer settings
and not saved. This requires some further investigation and perhaps a
bit of fine-tuning.

== Wireless ==

{{NOTE|There is a radio switch which turns off the wireless and the bluetooth interface. It is located beneath the left side of palm rest. If you turn it on the bluetooth light comes on immediately.}}

Select, either during the installation or afterwards (using Yast2),
to install the package ipw3945d, and reload the module ipw3945

{{cmdroot|modprobe -r ipw3945d}}

{{cmdroot|modprobe ipw3945}}

alternatively reboot the system.
Once installed wireless works out of the box.

Usually the ipw3945d package
should have been installed once a ipw3945 board is detected, this bas been
registered as a [http://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=197098 bug].

SuSE 10.1 uses the Network Manager by default, which means that the wireless interface can be managed by the user directly and requires no
further setup.

== Conclusion ==

Installation is straightforward, fast and gives you immediate
availability of to a highly sophisticated system without need for any further configuration. Sound may need some kernel module
fine-tuning though. It is this reviewers opinion that Intel-graphics based
Thinkpad laptops seem to provide the best out-of-the-box installation
experience.

==External Sources==
*[http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R60e General Linux guide for the ThinkPad R60e]
*This guide is listed at the [http://tuxmobil.org/ibm.html TuxMobil Linux laptop and notebook installation survey (IBM/Lenovo)].

Installation instructions for the ThinkPad R52

2008-03-02T04:53:07Z

Billgian: /* External Sources */

Specific installation notes for the ThinkPad {{R52}}.

==General Notes==

If the boot sequence in your BIOS is set for boot first from CD drive then you can use the liveCD of following Linux distribution

''Ubuntu''

''MEPIS''

''DamnSmallLinux''

These liveCD starts the complete Linux environment including the GUI. It is found that most of the hardware work great even on the LiveCD. While using liveCD it is recommended that you have at least 256MB RAM.

==Distro specific Instructions==

* {{Install|Ubuntu||R52}}

==External Sources==
*[http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R52 General Linux guide for the ThinkPad R52]
*[http://burpo.altervista.org/thinkpad/ Slackware on a ThinkPad R52]
*[http://gsulinux.org/~distch/?open=documents&project=slackware%20linux%20on%20thinkpad%20r52 Another Slackware on a ThinkPad R52]
*[http://desaiyn.tripod.com/laptop/Linux_on_laptop.html Mandrake on ThinkPad R52 Celeron]
*[http://desaiyn.tripod.com/laptop/ubuntu_on_thinkpad_R52.html Ubuntu on Thinkpad R52 Celeron]
*[http://desaiyn.tripod.com/laptop/MEPIS_on_thinkpad_R52.html MEPIS on Thinkpad R52 Celeron]

Installing Ubuntu 7.10 on a ThinkPad R51

2008-03-02T04:14:52Z

Billgian:

[[Image:Ubuntu_logo.png||right]]
[[Image:ThinkPadR50.jpg||right]]

= Installation of Ubuntu 7.10 on a ThinkPad R51 (model 1830-Y44) =

'''Series:''' {{R51}}

'''Model:''' [[1830-Y44]]

'''Operating system:''' {{Ubuntu 7.10}} Gutsy Gibbon, Desktop Edition]]

== Summary ==

=== What works after installation ===
# Detection of CPU core and automatic configuration of frequency
# Wired Network (Intel PRO/100)
# Wireless Network (madwifi-ng driver). WEP not working properly.
# Sound
# Video
# Suspend & Hibernate

=== What needs to be fixed ===
# Embedded Security Subsystem {{Fixme|Copy&pasted from 7.04}}
# Active Protection System
# Switching to External Video Port using keys Fn+F7

=== What has not yet been tested ===
# Firewire (IEEE 1394)

=== Not included with this model ===
{{Todo|To be added}}

=== Annoyances ===

== Installation ==
Installation is very simple. Boot from the Ubuntu LiveCD and select the install option. The video card, sound and wireless all work perfectly. Windows partitions are automatically detected and added to /etc/fstab.

== Fixes after installation ==

=No Splash Screen / Black Boot Screen=
It might occur that the machine freezes during the boot process. This issue and it's solution is described [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/150930 here]. To make a long story short for those of you who know how to handle a console: 
1) Change the resolution in /etc/usplash.conf to 1024x768 
2) Add vga=791 to the kernel line in /etc/boot/menu.lst 
3) sudo update-initramfs -u -k `uname -r` 

=Soft-Modem=

{{Todo|To be added}}

=External Links=
* [http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R51 General Linux compatibility guide for the Thinkpad R51]

Installing Ubuntu 5.10 on a ThinkPad R50e

2008-03-01T16:53:27Z

Billgian: /* External Sources */

This page aims to illustrate issues and (hopefully) solutions encountered while installing {{Ubuntu 5.10}} (Breezy Badger) on a Levono ThinkPad {{R50e}}. As usual, caveat emptor. Also, don't forget to create backup CDs for your IBM Rescue and Recovery partition (see [[Ordering Recovery CDs]]).

'''Dapper Notes: '''Given that upgrading to/installing [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DapperUpgrades Dapper] isn't very different from Breezy, I decided to update this page with special Dapper notes instead of a new entry. Therefore, unless something is labeled as Breezy/Dapper-specific, the information here applies to both versions. I should also make it clear that the following instructions were based on my experiences with upgrading my R50e to Dapper, rather than a clean install. I also chose to overwrite all the scripts that the Dapper update prompted me to, which in retrospect was a ''bad idea''.

The configuration of the ThinkPad used is as following:
Levono ThinkPad R50e 1834-A67 (a Taiwan-specific model?)
[[Intel Celeron M]] 360 (Dothan 1.4GHz)
[[Intel 855GM]] Chipset
14' XGA (1024x768) TFT
[[Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG Mini-PCI Adapter]]
DVDÂ±RW Writer (Not removable)
Windows XP Home

== Installation/Upgrading ==

Installing the OS was fairly straight forward. I put in the Ubuntu install disc and pressed F12 to bring up the booting device menu. At the partitioning menu I chose to let Ubuntu resize the existing NTFS partition and create partitions it needed automatically. Everything went well and I was able to boot into both Windows XP Home and the [[Rescue and Recovery]] partition from [[GRUB]] without any extra effort. It should be noted, however, that I did this on a brand new machine. So if you had made changes to your MBR or partitioning table, you might get different results.

'''Dapper Note:''' As I described above, if you're upgrading from Breezy to Dapper, do ''not'' replace the various scripts on your system (e.g. sleep.sh, wireless.sh, etc) when the Dapper updater prompted you to. This should only be a problem if you're using Update Manager since apt (manual upgrade) doesn't replace them by default.

== Networking (Breezy/Dapper without Network-Manager) ==

The Ethernet interface works right after installation as expected (eth1). The [[Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG Mini-PCI Adapter]] was detected (eth0), but probably only works with open networks (I didn't have one to test). As my wireless network (Apple Airport Express) uses WPA/WPA2, I went straight on to make ipw2200 work with wpa_supplicant. This turned out to be quite a complicated task since most articles on enabling WPA on ipw2200 in Ubuntu are written for earlier versions of Ubuntu.

There are plenty of instructions on the 'net for configuring ipw2200 with wpa_supplicant. Unfortunately most of them are geared toward other distro or Ubuntu 5.04 Hoary, which make the situation confusing, to say the least. While there is [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=90450 an instruction] specifically written for Breezy Badger, I had installed and removed different versions of drivers/firmwares so many times that I actually cannot remember exactly what made it work. Therefore, I'll provide links to website which I visited and some rough instructions on how I did it.

The driver/firmware combination that works for me is as following:

[http://ipw2200.sourceforge.net/#downloads ipw2200 1.0.8] (1.1.3 verified to work)
[http://ipw2200.sourceforge.net/firmware.php IntelÂ® PRO/Wireless 2200BG Driver Firmware 2.4] (3.0 verified to work)
[http://ieee80211.sourceforge.net/ ieee80211 subsystem 1.1.6] (1.1.14 verified to work)

First, in order to compile the drivers, follow the instructions [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=26623 here] to install the necessary packages. While you're there, follow the instructions to add extra repositories. Then go [http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/Install_ipw2200 here] for instructions of installing the drivers/firmware. Then finally, go [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=90450 here] and follow the instructions from
'''4. Edit wpasupplicant configuration files''' and on; except at
'''5. Configure wpasupplicant to start when booting''', instead of '''sudo ln -s ../init.d/wpasupplicant S40iwpa''', do '''sudo update-rc.d wpasupplicant defaults'''.

If you have been messing around installing different versions of drivers, then you definitely want to have a look at [http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:G2Dan1PweWAJ:www.goldfisch.at/knowledge/337++ipw2200:+disagrees+about+version+of+symbol+ieee80211_get_crypto_ops&hl=en&gl=nz&ct=clnk&cd=1&client=firefox-a this].

There's a really long wait during booting (if you don't have an Ethernet cable plugged in) when init.d is waiting for the network interface to load. I suspect it might have something to do with /etc/init.d/wpasupplicant, which starts the wpa_supplicant deamon and waits for the name interface to come up. I haven't go around to playing with this though, so if you find some way to modify the file to change this behavior, please contribute.

One thing that's still unsolved (beside the long wait during booting) is this error message from dmesg:

ipw2200: Can't set TKIP countermeasures: crypt not set!

I tried disabling hardware crypto following the instructions [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=459401&postcount=461 here], but it didn't seem to do any good. Please contribute if you have a solution for this.

Here's a list of links I consulted:

[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WPAHowto ubuntu Wiki's WPA How-To]
[http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=26623 HOWTO: ipw2200 + wpa]
[http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/Install_ipw2200 HOWTO: Compile/Install latest version of ipw2200]

I do not use the built-in modem, so I didn't bother testing it. However, it was suggested [http://www.kaltertee.de/R50e.html here] that [http://www.linuxant.com/drivers/hsf/full/downloads-ubuntu-x86.php Conexant's driver] works.

== Network (Dapper with Network-Manager) ==

One of the highlights of Dapper for laptop users is its support for Network-Manager. Network-Manager is a godsend for those that use their laptops with various wireless networks. Unlike the pain that is WPA support in Breezy, Network-Manager in Dapper allows WPA to work as you'd expect on a Mac or Windows PC (sort of), but the installation is complicated (particularly if you need to use the absolutely newest version). In short, if your ThinkPad stays on your desk and uses a static IP, you're better off ''not'' using Network-Manager, although I will provide some information on this in case you decided that Network-Manager is too cool to resist (like me).

First, follow [http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/Network_Manager_with_WPA this guide] to install the newest Network-Manager and WPA support. If you know what you're doing, you could just get the packages from repository and skip the part about SVN and CVS.

For kernel updates, you'll only need to reinstall the ieee80211 system and ipw2200. Network-Manager and wpa_supplicant are not touched during minor kernel updates.

Now, if you need to use static IP with Network-Manager, you need to edit /etc/network/interfaces manually to change your IP settings. Network-Manager basically ignores interfaces that don't use DHCP, but it does insisted on overwriting your /etc/resolv.conf with nothing everytime it initializes. So you'll have to manually edit /etc/resolv.conf and add your DNS servers after every reboot and resume. I'm sure you can do this with a script, but if you use DHCP with another network adapter, that would cause a problem. Anyway, please contribute if you have a more elegant suggestion (prepending your DNS servers in /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf doesn't work since DHCP is not invoked when you're using a static IP).

If you use WEP/WPA, Network-Manager will request your keychain password after every reboot. [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=192281 This] is the workaround.

== Power Management ==

Some webpages have instructions on how to enable SpeedStep support for Celeron M. But according to [http://www.intel.com/products/processor_number/proc_info_table.pdf Intel], none of the Celeron M processor (at least the new ones) support it. I tried loading p4_clockmod and cpufreq_userspace, and only the latter worked. I suppose it might be useful if you want to manually adjust the speed of your CPU. Or, if your CPU supports SpeedStep (e.g. Pentium M), see [http://www.plenz.com/thinkpad_R50e#cpufreq here] for instructions on how to make it work.

The fan seems to work fine without any tweaking as indicated [http://www.mk-stuff.de/artikel/linux_on_an_ibm_thinkpad_r50e/#acpi-fan here].

== Standby, Sleep and Hibernation ==

'''Standby''' Hitting Fn+F3 blanks the screen and turns the backlight off. It works right out of the box.

'''Sleep''' To make sleeping work, the following changes are needed:

Open a terminal and enter this command:

sudo gedit /etc/default/acpi-support

And uncomment "ACPI_SLEEP=true" (by removing the # character in front of it)

'''Dapper Notes:'''
* Also uncomment "SAVE_VIDEO_PCI_STATE=true" in /etc/default/acpi-suuport.
* Edit your xorg.conf (sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf) so that the device section looks like this:
Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel Corporation 82852/855GM Integrated Graphics Device"
Driver "i810"
BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
Option "VBERestore" "true"
EndSection

Then

enter those commands in terminal:

sudo cp /etc/acpi/sleep.sh /etc/acpi/sleep.sh_backup
sudo gedit /etc/acpi/sleep.sh

Replace the line "echo -n $ACPI_SLEEP_MODE >/sys/power/state" with
(take from [[Problem with display remaining black after resume]]):

# change to console 1
FGCONSOLE=`fgconsole`
chvt 6

# safe video state
cat /proc/bus/pci/00/02.0 > /tmp/video_state

# sync filesystem
sync

# sync hardware clock with system time
hwclock --systohc

# go to sleep
echo -n 3 > /proc/acpi/sleep

# waking up
# restore system clock
hwclock --hctosys

# restore video state
cat /tmp/video_state > /proc/bus/pci/00/02.0

# change back to X
chvt $FGCONSOLE

# clean up behind us
rm /tmp/video_state

Press Fn to wake up. Screen locking works consistently, unlike standby. I should note that according to [[Problem with display remaining black after resume]], just editing xorg.conf should do the trick in Dapper, but I haven't tried this yet.

'''Hibernation''' Hibernation works straight out of the box. Press Fn+F12 or choose Hibernation from the logout menu to hibernate.

'''Dapper Note:''' If you use Network-Manager with ipw2200, you might have problem reactiving it after resuming. Specifically, if you have a clean Dapper install or the Dapper updater replaced your wireless.sh, you need to edit /etc/acpi/wireless.sh so that it uses this commend to shutdown ipw2200:
echo -n 3 > $DEVICE/device/power/state; (instead of echo -n 2 > $DEVICE/device/power/state;)
This bug is explained in detail [https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/linux-source-2.6.15/+bug/36403 here]. Alternatively, a more ''elegant'' solution can be found [https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/linux-source-2.6.15/+bug/42820 here].

== Display and external monitor ==

The built-in [[Intel Extreme Graphics 2]] works just fine with the built-in display. You can use [http://sourceforge.net/projects/i855crt i855crt] (proceed with caution) to make the TFT and external monitor/projector mirror each other, but I found that much less useful than screen spanning. I'm still working on this. Please contribute if you have a solution.

If you want to experiment with it, a partial solution is proposed in the discussion section.

== Various Tweaks ==

'''Breezy Only:''' Refer to [[Installing Ubuntu 5.04 on a ThinkPad T43 (1875)]] for the following tweaks:
* Don't slow down boot-up by synchronizing with network time
* Don't slow down boot-up when no Ethernet cable is attached

Refer to [http://columbia.edu/~em36/ubuntubreezythinkpadt42.html Ubuntu Linux 5.10 Breezy Badger on an IBM ThinkPad T42] for the following tweaks:
* Enable TrackPoint middle-button scrolling
* Enable Page-Back and Page-Forward keys in Firefox (doesn't yet work with FireFox 1.5)
Note: I suggest configuring them as PgUp and PgDn instead. Just put this in ~/.Xmodmap:
keycode 234 = Prior
keycode 233 = Next
Log out and log again.
'''The following are Breezy only.'''
* Install on-screen confirmation for the ThinkPad buttons (other than Fn+F5)
* Visual feedback for Fn+F5 (I'd recommend against it because the script crashed my system.)

In Dapper, tpb module has been replaced by gdm with its built-in functions. Unfortunately at the moment it only support visual feedback for volume changes. There's no on screen feedback for brightness adjustments or the ThinkLight. It is not yet possible to remap the Access IBM button, either. Please contribute if you have a workaround.

== Special Notes on speeding up booting by not initiating network interface(s) and/or ifplugd (non-Network-Manager only) ==
If you have ipw2200 configured with wpa_supplicant, you should leave HOTPLUG_INTERFACES="" in /etc/default/ifplugd as it is. Otherwise it produces an annoying error message during booting. Also, ipw2200+wpa_supplicant takes a long time to initiate, so there's still a wait during booting,
and I haven't found a way around it yet (besides plugging in an Ethernet cable). There is a fix suggested in [http://columbia.edu/~em36/ubuntubreezythinkpadt42.html#netmanager here], but it doesn't seem to work when you have ipw2200 working with wpa_supplicant (it actually disables the wireless connection). If you have any suggestions, please let me know.

== References ==
[http://www.kaltertee.de/index.php?current=linux Installing Ubuntu Breezy Badger (5.10) on ThinkPad R50e (German)]

[http://columbia.edu/~em36/ubuntubreezythinkpadt42.html Ubuntu Linux 5.10 Breezy Badger on an IBM ThinkPad T42]

[http://www.mk-stuff.de/artikel/linux_on_an_ibm_thinkpad_r50e/ Linux on an IBM ThinkPad R50e (a really good guide if you're into further tweaking your system)]

==External Sources==
*[http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R50e General Linux compatibility guide for the Thinkpad R50e]
*This guide is listed at the [http://tuxmobil.org/ibm.html TuxMobil Linux laptop and notebook installation survey (IBM/Lenovo)].

Installing Debian Sid (September 2004) on a ThinkPad R50

2008-03-01T15:00:53Z

Billgian: /* External Sources */

by Didrik Pinte (dpinte at itae dot be )
Please correct or update this page !

__TOC__
----

The computer is delivered with a preinstalled Windows XP. A "secret" partition is hidden in your harddrive. It took approximately 7Gb on my 40 Gb disk...

===First step : remove everything===

The first think i've done is to call the IBM support to get a CD of Windows XP. They have sent it to me for free in 3 days.
I've also created a backup copy of the DRIVERS and TOOLS and SUPPORT directories from the preinstalled XP. If you want, you can also create a functionnal CD of windows XP using the I386 directory.

After that, i've disabled the predesktop area from IBM using the BIOS. After this, when you push the "Access IBM" button, you have a simple black and white screen with the ability to enter the setup or choose a boot option (no more menu with mouse support, etc.).

See : http://www.4saad.com/WhatsNew/Fresh_XP_Install/

===Second step : installing Sarge===

Booting with the new beta 3 Sarge installer, i've then followed the basic installation procedure.

Here is the partition i've made :

/dev/hda1 1,5Gb swap
/dev/hda2 10Gb ext3 / (bootable)
/dev/hda3 5Gb vfat /windows
/dev/hda4 23,5Gb vfat /shared (in a logical partition)

(it could be interested to create a little partition for hibernation, see lphdisk).

Starting with that, my e1000 network card was detected without any problem. After installing x-window-system and gnome, my ATI Radeon 9000 card was recognized. The sound card seems to work too (module intel8x0).

Without any modification, when I close the lid, the computer goes into supsend mode, waking up perfectly well when opening it. The power management is done by APM (i've tried acpi successfully but commands where not easyer ...).

===Upgrading to Sid===

Changing the sources.list, and doing a "apt-get dist-upgrade", i've update my Sarge sytem to Sid.

At this step, i'm running a 2.4.25 kernel. I'm running a Sid system (Debian/unstable).

Installing the Synaptics driver, i've got the touchpad working with tapping, etc. (see deb http://jopa.studentenweb.org/debian ./, package synaptics : simply install the package and change in your XF86Config-4 the driver of the mouse using the /dev/psaux device to "synaptics", then restart your X server).

===X11===

The ATI Radeon 9000 is supported by the radeon driver. The touchpad and ultranav work out of the box (but not completely well). Using the synaptics driver for XFree, you will have all the functionnality (see before). I've configure my XFree with the ultranav, the touchpad and a USB mouse. The screen resolution is 1400*1050. 3D is activated too.

See my XF86Config file.

Edit: I recommend you to upgrade to X.org server, Since most of the distros has moving towards it.But Xorg has not entered the debian mirrors .By this time it would have entered Unstable .
Get the Xorg server source [http://www.x.org/download.cgi?rel=6.8.2 Here] and try to compile.
Also Dont worry about screwing your system. Steve has got a way [http://blogs.vislab.usyd.edu.au/index.php/Steve/2004/09/09/installing_a_non_intrusive_x here].Try this.

===Customizing the kernel===

With the kernel 2.6.10 (kernel-image-2.6.10-1-686), everything is correctly detected.

You just need to install the ipw2100-source package and use the module-assistant to add it to you kernel.

MPPE patch needs the kernel to be compiled

===Wireless===

Install the ipw2100-source package, see the README.Debian file for information about using the module-assistant to compile it.

Then, you need to install the firmware (see the ipw2100 page). For a 2.6 kernel, just copy the firmware in /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware.

Then modprobe ipw2100. See in your log to what interface it has been bound.

Add to /etc/hotplug/blacklist the name of the module if you do not want it to be loaded at boot time.

===Udev===

A simple ''apt-get install udev'' worked perfectly well. Do not forget to add your user in all the required groups (video, audio, cdrom, etc.)

! it is safe to try it. It wont delete your old /dev, only mounting a new filesystems over it.

===APM===

By default apm is functionnal. The only problem seems to be the usb support on resuming from suspend.

For the Fn-F12 : use the [[tphdisk]] (http://samba.org/junkcode/, based on lphdisk) to create a save2dsk.bin file on one of your FAT partition. Then it will be completely usable.

13/05/2004 : it seems that my fan is always on... Big problem with the fan on R50 --> see the newsgroup. Use fglrx to arrange this.

10/12/2004 : using the 2.6.9 kernel, i'm back on the radeon module because too much problem with fglrx when suspending. The fan is not so noisy with the radeon module !

15/03/2005 : running a 2.6.10 kernel, using radeonfb, with APM. I have tested successfully ACPI but the high power drain problem is very annoying.

===Speedstepping===

At the moment i'm using the cpufreqd to manage the processor. It seems that powernowd is better with 2.6.x kernels. I've not tested it.

Updated : i've compiled the cpufreq-userspace module to make powernowd work. It's nice, seems to be better than cpufreqd that only lowers the cpu when the AC is off. Powernowd does it even with AC on.

15/03/2005 : all the modules are available in the official Sid kernel (2.6.10) cpufreq_userspace, cpufreq_powersave, speedstep_centrino, etc.

===Infrared===

Enabling the infrared in the BIOS and adding some info in the kernel, it is automatically bound to /dev/ttyS0. (The infrared's SIR mode is being emulated by the serial port driver as a serial port.)
when you use the command,
debian:~# dmesg | grep tty
ttyS0 at I/O 0x3e8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A ##i get this meaning that infrared is detected as serial.
debian:~#
You get similar to the one above, but the I/O and irq may vary.

then

debian:-#irattach /dev/ttyS0

Finished., Now u can use your Sony ericcson or Nokia Ir Mobiles .

we've tested it with our Nokia 6210 using the gnokii software and sony ericsson K700i . It works well.

I'm now using my Nokia 6610i to surf by GPRS. I'm using gammu for backup and monitoring of the mobile.

===Last things===

Install apt-listchanges 
Install gphoto2 - gtkam - gthumb

Changed the default radeon driver to the fglx driver (http://xoomer.virgilio.it/flavio.stanchina/debian/fglrx-installer.html ).The fan is now more silent. But have a problem with the change resolution tool from gnome. Is it related with this (http://www.rage3d.com/board/showthread.php?s=&threadid=33733550 )

16 october 2004 : i've switched back to the radeon driver. I had updated to the last fglrx (3.14) but resume doesn't work anymore. With the 3.9, it was ok. I'm now back with the radeon driver and the fan is nearly always on ... I need to fix the fglrx problem.

=External Sources=
* [http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+R50 A Linux compatibility guide to the ThinkPad R50]

*This guide is listed at the [http://tuxmobil.org/ibm.html TuxMobil Linux laptop and notebook installation survey (IBM/Lenovo)].

[[Category:R50]] [[Category:Debian]]

Installing Debian on a ThinkPad G41

2008-03-01T13:51:34Z

Billgian: /* External Sources */

==What to do with existing Windows partition?==

I like to keep the Windows XP partition for at least a little while to run it and see how much development effort IBM (now Lenovo) has spent to make the user experience under Windows a full-featured one, complete with many assistant applications and helper utilities rich in multi-media content and graphics - in sharp contrast with what they provide for Linux users. I don't really want to pontificate here - but I find it highly dissapointing that a large company with so much potential leverage quite frequently totally ignores non-Windows users - even while their Linux marketing scheme is running in full gear. For example, IBM (now Lenovo) could easily have used the much better supported Lucent/Agere modem (as they did on some models in the past) rather than the piece of crap slmodem but no, why would they bother? They could even have hired or at least given a donation to the folks who work on the Lucent driver since, in effect, those developers are indirectly benefiting IBM. But no. I guess they would rather spend the millions on marketing campaings saying how much they are behind Linux rather than actually supporting it. The same thing goes for the fingerprint readers (although they are not included on the G41 models).

IBM (Lenovo) does not provide the rescue/recovery CD set with this model so I suggest before anything else that you immediately boot into Windows and create the set if you think you will ever want to re-image the drive. You could always order the set from IBM for $45. The set from IBM consists of a "Rescue and Recovery" CD plus 6 "Product Recovery" CD's which contain the actual image that gets written to the hard drive.

After creating the recovery CD set I recommend going into the BIOS and setting the "IBM Predesktop Area" in the BIOS under "Security" to "Disabled". This enables you to remove the â€œPreDesktop Environmentâ€ area, which is the second partition and takes over 3 GB of disk space. The Predesktop Environment is not very useful unless you want to have the feature of being able to re-image your disk and re-install Windows from scratch.

==Notes on the model used in this setup==
This info is for setting up Debian on a G41 with the following features:
* Processor: Mobile Intel Pentium 4 Processor 548 with HT Technology
* Graphics: NVIDIA GeForce FX Go5200 (nVidia Corporation NV34M)
* Display: 1400x1050 SXGA+
* Wireless: ThinkPad 11b/g Wi-Fi Wireless (Atheros Communications, Inc. AR5212 802.11abg)
* Ethernet: Integrated Gigabit Ethernet (Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5705M_2)
* Sound: SoundMAX (Intel Corp. 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller)

If your model does not have these features, then some or most of this information might not apply.

== Debian installation ==
I installed {{Debian}} using an official i386 Debian minimal bootable CD netinst image obtained from http://www.us.debian.org/CD/netinst/

When the CD booted I pressed the {{key|F3}} key which gave instructions to type "expert26" at the boot prompt in order to install in expert mode using a more recent 2.6 Linux kernel. I mostly accepted the defaults for all questions. I did choose to "manually edit the partition table" and created a 2400MB swap partition as the first primary partiton, and the remainder of the disk was allocated to the root partition with the XFS filesystem. I prefer XFS since it is both stable and consistently ranks among the top in disk benchmarks. The only downside is that the version of grub included with Debian currently has a bug and cannot install on Debian (although there is a patch to fix the "grub-install" script <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309218">here</a> therefore you must choose to install the Lilo boot loader instead.

After the first reboot during the install it asks to set up apt sources. I chose to use http and selected a local mirror in my country. It then asked if I want to choose packages to install and I said no. My philosophy is to install Debian with the minimal amount of stuff, get it working, and then later on install any other applications I want. Also if you plan on dist-upgrading from the "stable" version to the more current "testing" or "unstable" versions at this point it is easier and faster since you won't have to upgrade a zillion packages. (I have used "unstable" happily for years - but then again I have a lot of experience troubleshooting and fixing problems - do not use unstable or testing unless you are prepared to spend a lot of time learning and troubleshooting or also sometimes waiting for long periods of time for unbroken versions of packages to replace broken ones - i.e., unless you have a lot of patience).

== Installing a few important packages ==
Here are a few important packages that it is good to install right away:
:{{cmdroot|apt-get install anacron less ssh vim nvi-}}

vim is a much better than nvi. Less is much better than more which is installed by default.

== Building a Linux kernel with [[Software Suspend 2]] Support==
As of this writing [[Software Suspend 2|Software Suspend 2 (suspend2)] is the only working implementation of power-saving functionality available. ACPI sleep and standby modes and the in-kernel software suspend do not work with this model. [[Software Suspend 2]] provides a patch for the kernel. I went to http://www.suspend2.net/ and downloaded "Suspend2 2.2-rc15 for kernel 2.6.14" which is the latest stable version. (note, as of this writing Linux 2.6.15 was just released, so a newer version for that kernel should be coming out soon. Get whatever version supports the most recent stable Linux kernel release) I downloaded the Suspend2 source into /usr/local/src/swsusp2 and untar/gziped it. This gives you a directory /usr/local/src/swsusp2/suspend2-2.2-rc15-for-2.6.14

You will also need the hibernate script. The easist way to install it and make sure you have the most recent is to add the following lines to /etc/apt/sources.list:

# hibernate script for swsusp2
deb http://cp.yi.org/apt/hibernate ./

then run "apt-get update && apt-get install hibernate"

You also will want to have at least the text-based suspend2-userui which shows the status when hibernating and resuming, available at http://www.suspend2.net/downloads/

===Preparing for the kernel build===
There are a few packages that must be installed prior to compiling a kernel:
:{{cmdroot|apt-get install ncftp build-essential bin86 libncurses-dev bzip2}}

===Getting the kernel source===
Use an ftp client like ncftp to retrieve linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2 from
ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6

:{{cmdroot|cd /usr/src}}
:{{cmdroot|ncftp}}
::{{cmd|open ftp.kernel.org|ncftp> }}
::{{cmd|cd pub/linux/kernel/v2.6|ncftp> }}
::{{cmd|get linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2|ncftp> }}
::{{cmd|bye|ncftp> }}

===Unpack the kernel, configure, and compile===
:{{cmdroot|tar -xjf linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2}}
At this point I prefer to rename the kernel source tree so that if at some point in the future I wish to build another kernel version, I can do so in a separate tree.
:{{cmdroot|mv linux-2.6.14 linux-2.6.13-smp}}
I chose to append the name of the kernel with â€œ-smpâ€ as a shorthand for â€œSymmetric Multi-Processingâ€. This Pentium 4 CPU supports hyperthreading which when enabled causes the single CPU to appear as 2 separate CPUs which makes the system an SMP system. H

Next, edit the Makefile in the top level of the kernel source and change the line EXTRAVERSION so that it reads: <tt>EXTRAVERSION = -smp</tt>

And configure the kernel:
:{{cmdroot|cd linux}}
:{{cmdroot|make menuconfig}}

Now we must apply the swsusp2 kernel patch. From the top-level of the unpacked kernel source directory run the command /usr/local/src/swsusp2/suspend2-2.2-rc15-for-2.6.14/apply

Prior to configuring the kernel it is important to have an inventory of the components in your system. Here is a list of the most important components in terms of how Linux sees them and what should be enabled in the kernel.

*Intel Pentium 4 PC-compatible processor.
* Symmetric multi-processing support
* Maximum number of CPUs
* SMT (Hyperthreading) scheduler support
* Timer frequency: 250 Hz
* Suspend2
* File Writer
* Swap Writer
* Default resume device name (/dev/hda2 (or whatever partition you created for the root filesystem))
* Support for hot-pluggable CPUs (very important for swsusp2 to resume)
* ACPI interface supporting CPU frequency scaling
* PCI bridge
* ISA bridge
* CardBus yenta-compatible PC Card controller
* PC-style parallel port
* Intel Ultra ATA ICH4 Storage Controller (IDE interface)
* Broadcom Tigon3 1000 Mbit ethernet controller
* PS/2 Mouse interface
* 8250/16550 compatible serial port
* Enhanced Real Time Clock Support (important for SMP)
* Intel 855GM AGP chipset
* Intel 82801 (ICH) SMBus (I2C)
* VESA 2.0 compatible graphics chipset
* Intel AC97 Audio controller
* Intel MC97 Modem
* Intel UHCI USB controller
* Intel EHCI USB 2.0 controller

There are a few important things in the kernel config to be aware of.

* Power Management/ACPI - IBM Laptop extras: You can either select this now, or not select it and manually build the kernel module using the latest source (available <a href="http://ibm-acpi.sourceforge.net/"> here</a>). I chose to not enable it (ibm_acpi) in order to build a newer version later.
* under ATA support be sure to select Intel PIIXn chipsets support
* You must enable Direct Rendering Manager support (without selecting any of the driver modules, since we will build our own later)
* In the Graphics section select VESA VGA graphics support but DO NOT select nVidia Framebuffer Support as it interferes with the nvidia DRM driver we will install below
* There are a zillion options in the Linux kernel, and as it grows the list gets longer and longer. Do not get overwhelemed. Once you go through and read about options and select the ones you need you can save your kernel .config and use it later to build future kernels. I find it very imformative to know what the Linux kernel is capable of, even if I do not use most of the features.

:{{cmdroot|cp .config ../dot-config-2.6.14-smp}} #save a copy of the .config for future use
:{{cmdroot|make}}
:{{cmdroot|make modules_install}}
:{{cmdroot|cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.14-smp}}
:{{cmdroot|cp System.map /boot/System.map-2.6.14-smp}}
:{{cmdroot|vi /etc/lilo.conf}}

#lilo stanza for image from {{path|lilo.conf}}
image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.14-smp
# set the resume2 partition to whatever your swap partition is below:
append="resume2=swap:/dev/hda2" #needed for swsusp2 to work
label=2.6.14-smp
# the following sets the console to framebuffer mode 1280x1024
# you must have â€œVESA VGA graphics supportâ€ selected
# in the kernel under Device Drivers -> Graphics support
# otherwise set to â€œ1â€ or â€œnormalâ€
vga=0x31B
read-only

Then run {{cmdroot|lilo}} to install it to the MBR.
Now it should be possible to boot into the new 2.6.14-smp kernel.

== Setting up graphics ==
First, it is necessary to install the minimal essential components necessary to get the graphical environment working:
:{{cmdroot|apt-get install x-window-system-core}}

===Setting up the proprietary nvidia driver (optional)===
The easiest way to install the proprietary nvidia driver this is with Debian's module-assistant utility:

:{{cmdroot|apt-get install module-assistant}}
:{{cmdroot|m-a prepare}}
:{{cmdroot|m-a a-i nvidia}}
:{{cmdroot|apt-get install nvidia-glx nvidia-settings}}
:{{cmdroot|echo nvidia >> /etc/modules}}
:{{cmdroot|modprobe nvidia}}

===Configuring the X server===
:{{cmdroot|dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xfree86}}
If you are using Sid, then use :{{cmdroot|dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg}}.

This will ask a lot of questions about X setup. Here are options I selected:
* allow it to attempt to autodetect video hardware. It will automatically select the "nv" driver, which is the one we want if we are going to use [[Software Suspend 2]]. Unfortunately this driver does not support OpenGL so you have to choose between 3D graphics acceleration or the ability to suspend-to-disk. If however you decide you want the nvidia driver scroll down one and select it.
* leave video RAM setting blank. X server will autodetect it
* do NOT use kernel framebuffer interface
* for keyboard layout do not select default "us" value, but replace with "intl" (this is better because it also supports multi-key on the right-alt key)
* XKB rule set accept default value
* for keyboard model replace "pc105" with "pc102"
* attempt mouse autodetection and use the default /dev/input/mouse
* Mouse protocol: select ImPS/2 (should be default)
* yes to emulate 3 button mouse
* yes to enable scroll events
* accept all modules (default)
* under display setup, select only mode 1400x1050
* under choose method, select medium
* select 1400x1050 @ 75Hz
* select default color depth of 24 (you can select 16 which is slightly lower, and might give slightly better performance)

At this point you should be able to start X from the command line with the startx command. But it will not look very appealing. Install a window manager/desktop environment, e.g.

:{{cmdroot|apt-get install openbox obconf openbox-themes fbpanel}}
And some fonts to go along with it:

:{{cmdroot|apt-get install ttf-dustin ttf-freefont ttf-opensymbol ttf-thryomanes \
ttf-xfree86-nonfree xfonts-100dpi xfonts-100dpi-transcoded xfonts-75dpi \
xfonts-75dpi-transcoded xfonts-artwiz xfonts-base xfonts-base-transcoded \
xfonts-biznet-100dpi xfonts-biznet-75dpi xfonts-biznet-base xfonts-scalable \
defoma fontconfig}}

For the fontconfig debconf question I chose to use Freetype 

Then create a {{path|.xsession}} file in your home directory to invoke openbox/fbpanel when you run "startx":

#!/bin/sh
# ~/.xsession: stuff to do when starting X
#
#set the background
xsetroot -solid DarkSlateGrey
# increase the mouse sensitivity a bit, good for Trackpoints
xset m 4 1
#run fbpanel
fbpanel &
# run openbox, our window manager
exec openbox

== Setting up the Wireless driver ==
lspci listing should show the Atheros Communications 802.11abg adapter. Here is how to get it working using the [http://madwifi.sourceforge.net/ madwifi] driver:

:{{cmdroot|apt-get install cvs}}
:{{cmdroot|cd /usr/local/src}}
:{{cmdroot|cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/madwifi co madwifi}}
:{{cmdroot|cd madwifi}}
:{{cmdroot|make && make install}}
:{{cmdroot|modprobe ath_pci}}

:{{cmdroot|apt-get install wireless-tools dhcp3-client}}

See {{path|/usr/local/src/madwifi/README}} for useful information about the configuring the interface.

Before running any of the wireless utilities and configuring it you may need to bring the interface up first:
:{{cmdroot|ifconfig ath0 up}}
The easiest way to configure the interface is to install kwifimanager
:{{cmdroot|apt-get install kwifimanager}}
Once I scanned and had a list of access points (using :{{cmdroot|iwlist ath0 scan}}) basically all I had to do was go into the â€œSettingsâ€ menu and select â€œConfiguration Editorâ€. In there under â€œNetwork Nameâ€ enter the SSID of an access point, which is the name of the wireless network (not the BSSID which is the long hex address). Make sure that â€œath0â€ is selected in the â€œSettings apply to interfaceâ€ text box (click â€œAutodetectâ€ button and it should show up). After activating the config it should associate with the AP. Then run dhclient on the interface to obtain an IP address from the access point:
:{{cmdroot|dhclient ath0}}

== Setting up sound ==

The ALSA sound module is snd_intel8x0m

:{{cmdroot|apt-get install alsa-base alsa-utils alsamixergui}}
:{{cmdroot|alsaconfig}}

== Power management ==

According to power/video.txt in the Linux kernel source documentation ACPI suspend-to-RAM mode (a.k.a. "Standby" or "Sleep") does not and can not work with Hyperthreading CPUs:

"S3 has absolutely no chance of working with SMP/HT. Be sure it to turn it off before testing (swsusp should work ok, OTOH)."

In order to get [[Software Suspend 2]] fully working you also need to download and install the hibernate-script from the [http://www.suspend2.net/downloads/ Software Suspend 2 site]. This will install a shell script called "hibernate" in {{path|/usr/local/sbin}} and also a configuration directory {{path|/etc/hibernate}}. Once installed, if your kernel was configured correctly, you should be able to run the command {{cmdroot|hibernate}}. The system will save the current contents of RAM to the swap partiton (make sure you have set the correct {{bootparm|resume2|swap:}} parameter in your bootloader config or else it will not work). The next time you restart the system it will detect that the swap partition contains the suspended information and automatically restore the system. If there is a problem with [[Software Suspend 2]] it may freeze while resuming. The only time that I personally experienced a resume problem was when I was running the {{cmdroot|top}} command in a gnome-terminal during a suspend operation.

===ibm-acpi===
It is probably worth installing the latest [[ibm-acpi]], which adds functionality for {{key|Fn}} key combinations, allows setting of threshold temperatures for fans, and more. As of this writing much of this functionality is untested or unknown on the {{G41}}. Still it doesn't hurt to install it:

Go to the [http://ibm-acpi.sourceforge.net/ IBM-acpi driver website] and download the latest driver (0.11 as of this writing) into {{path|/usr/local/src}}.

:{{cmdroot|tar -xzf ibm-acpi-0.11.tar.gz}}
:{{cmdroot|cd ibm-acpi-0.11}}
:{{cmdroot|make}}
:{{cmdroot|make install}}
:{{cmdroot|modprobe ibm_acpi}}
:{{cmdroot|echo "ibm_acpi" >> /etc/modules}}

You can see the currently installed version with:
:{{cmdroot|cat /proc/acpi/ibm/driver}}

== Additional stuff ==
[http://www.nongnu.org/tpb/ tpb] is a neat program that enables the on-screen display for certain keys functions such as the volume control and LCD brightness levels. {{cmdroot|apt-get install tpb}} and then edit {{path|/etc/tpbrc}}.

{{Todo|This page still needs a section on configuring the modem. The last time I tested on another Thinkpad model, neither the Open-Source nor the proprietary driver for the "slmodem" Intel AC'97 Modem Controller seemed to work to well. Fortunately I have a miniPCI card with a true Lucent WinModem which uses the "alk" driver available [http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/ltmodem/kernel-2.6/ here]. If you are planning to use the modem a lot it may be worth the $5 to pick one of these up on Ebay as it is much easier to configure and works quite reliably under Linux.}}

==Going further with Debian==
At this point you can install whatever you want on your system. You will want to run X on it so:

apt-get install x-window-system-core

If you need to reconfigure the X server then:

dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xfree86 (or xserver-xorg for testing/unstable)

You can install a desktop environment such as kde with "apt-get install kde" although you may want to only install "kdebase" and then add whatever additional components you want.

Check out the excellent Debian Reference at: http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/reference/reference.en.html (can also be installed "apt-get install debian-reference-en"

=External Sources=
* [http://www.linlap.com/wiki/IBM-Lenovo+Thinkpad+G41 General Linux guide to the ThinkPad G41]
*This guide is listed at the [http://tuxmobil.org/ibm.html TuxMobil Linux laptop and notebook installation survey (IBM/Lenovo)].

[[Category:G41]]