Docking Solutions

2005-10-21T08:31:44Z

144.136.91.219:

{| width="100%"
|style="vertical-align:top;padding-right:20px;width:10px;white-space:nowrap;" | __TOC__
|style="vertical-align:top" |
Docks allow users to connect a variety of external peripherals simply by attaching their ThinkPad to the dock. Lenovo sells three types of docks for current ThinkPads, the [[ThinkPad Port Replicator II]], [[ThinkPad Mini-Dock]], and [[ThinkPad Dock II]]. Additionally, Lenovo's line of ultralight notebooks, the X-series, have a on-the-go dock called the [[UltraBase X4|UltraBase]]. Lenovo's docks are known to be some of the most flexible and useful docks available among all notebook manufacturers.
|}

==Available Docking Stations and Port Replicators==
* [[ThinkPad Port Replicator II]] <tt>(A,R,T,X series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Essential Port Replicator]] <tt>(Z series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Dock II]] <tt>(A,R,T,X series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Advanced Dock]] <tt>(Z series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Advanced Mini Dock]] <tt>(Z series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Mini-Dock]] <tt>(A,R,T,X series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad X4 Dock]] <tt>(X40 series)</tt>
* [[UltraBase X3]] <tt>(X30, X31, X32)</tt>
* [[UltraBase X4]] <tt>(X40, X41)</tt>

==Withdrawn Docking Stations and Port Replicators==
* [[ThinkPad Dock I (3545)]] <tt>(360/370/750/755/760 series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Dock II (3546)]] <tt>(360/370/750/755/760 series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Port Replicator Model 1]] <tt>(360/370/750/755/760/765 series models)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Port Replicator Model 2]] <tt>(360/370/750/755/760/765 series models)</tt>
* [[SelectaBase Model I]] <tt>(TP 760 and 765 series models)</tt>
* [[SelectaBase 600]] <tt>(TP 600 series models)</tt>
* [[SelectaBase 770]] <tt>(TP 770 series models)</tt>
* [[SelectaDock I]] <tt>(TP 600{{footnote|3}}, 760{{footnote|1}}, 765{{footnote|1}} and 770{{footnote|2}} series models)</tt>
* [[SelectaDock II]] <tt>(TP 600{{footnote|3}}, 760{{footnote|1}}, 765{{footnote|1}} and 770{{footnote|2}} series models)</tt>
* [[SelectaDock III]] <tt>(TP 600{{footnote|3}}, 760{{footnote|1}}, 765{{footnote|1}} and 770{{footnote|2}} series models)</tt>
* [[TransNote Port Extender]] <tt>(ThinkPad TransNote)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad i Series Port Replicator]] <tt>(TP i1400, i1500 Series)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad 365 Port Replicator]] <tt>(TP 365)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad 365X Port Replicator]] <tt>(TP 365X)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad 380/385 Port Replicator]]
* [[ThinkPad 560 Port Replicator]] <tt>(TP 380/385 series, 560 and 570{{footnote|4}})</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Enhanced Port Replicator]] <tt>(TP 380/385 series and 560X)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Port Replicator with Advanced EtherJet]] <tt>(TP 380Z, i1720, i1721 and 390, 570, 600 and 770 series)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Port Replicator]] <tt>(A20-A31p, R30-R32, T20-T30, X20-X32)</tt>
* [[ThinkPad Dock]] <tt>(A,T,X series models)</tt>
* [[UltraBase]] <tt>(TP 570 series)</tt>
* [[UltraBase X2]] <tt>(X20, X21, X22, X23, X24)</tt>

==Other==
* [[Direct Dock Adapter]]
* [[SelectaBase PC Card Enabler]]
* [[SelectaBase PC Card Enabler with Advanced EtherJet]]
* [[Portable Drive Bay]] (PC-Card UltraslimBay adapter)
* [[Portable Drive Bay 2000]] (PC-Card/USB UltraBay 2000 adapter)

==External Sources==
*[http://www-307.ibm.com/pc/support/site.wss/document.do?sitestyle=lenovo&lndocid=MIGR-4NXNTP IBMs Docking Solutions overview page]

{{footnotes|
#requires [[SelectaBase Model I]]
#requires [[SelectaBase 770]]
#requires [[SelectaBase 600]]
#requires [[Direct Dock Adapter]] or [[UltraBase]]
}}

Problem with Pixel Error

2005-10-21T08:21:33Z

144.136.91.219: /* Don't panic! */

This page provides information about pixel and subpixel errors.

==What are dead pixels or dead subpixels?==
Dead Pixels are a phenomenon caused by the technology of LCD displays. TFT displays consist of a huge number of individual display cells, each controlled by its own transistor. I.E. a display with a resolution of 1024x768 pixels consists of 1024x768x3 = 2,36 million cells. A such enormous number makes the production of a display without any faulty cell difficult. The more strict the quality restrictions are, the more expensive the panels get, because this simply means raising the number of garbage panels.

==Types of pixel errors==
Here is a listing of possible types of dead pixels / subpixels:
{| cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=1 style="text-align:center"
! pixel type<hr />state type !! pixel !! red subpixel !! green subpixel !! blue subpixel
|-
| always lit ||   ·   ||   ·   ||   ·   ||   ·  
|-
| always unlit ||   ·   ||   ·     ·   ||   ·     ·   ||   ·     ·  
|}

You can notice here, that always lit complete pixels, red subpixels and green subpixels are the most annoying ones. Also, dead pixels located closer to the center of the screen are more annoying than such located closer to the edge of the screen.

Dead pixels do not always have to be a constant phenomena. You might in fact experience your pixel in question be faulty at times and working perfectly at other times. Or you might experience it to be a little flickering. This is only logical since a faulty transistor might sometimes work and sometimes not, depending on environmental conditions or even just randomly.

{{HINT|The table above also shows you a way of detecting dead pixels and subpixels. Just use plain colored screens.}}

==The ISO 13406-2 norm==
However, to give the concerned customer more transparency when buying LCD displays, the ISO norm 13406-2 was introduced, providing a basis for warranty claims. By assuring one of the classes of this specification, the producer is bound to keep that quality standard throughout the whole production series. However, Manufacturers are not necessarily going with this standard. For values for IBM displays look at [http://www-307.ibm.com/pc/support/site.wss/document.do?lndocid=MIGR-4U9P53 this page].

The values in the following table state the acceptable errors per 1 million pixels. Dead pixels form a cluster when they are within a square of 5x5 pixels.

{| cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=1 style="text-align:center"
! Error class !! Type 1 (always lit pixel) !! Type 2 (always unlit pixel) !! Type 3 (always lit or always unlit subpixel) !! Type 4 (clusters with more than one Type 1 or Type 3 faults) !! Type 4 (clusters of Type 3 faults)
|-
| I || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| II || 2 || 2 || 5 || 0 || 2
|-
| III || 5 || 15 || 50 || 0 || 5
|-
| IV || 50 || 150 || 500 || 5 || 50
|}

==Causes for dead pixels/subpixels==
* As stated above, dead pixels are an inherent feature of the technology/production process of TFT displays. How many of them are in the final displays sold is just a mater of quality control standards.
* Furthermore, they can also accur at random time after production. Transistors can have faults that are not recognizable at production time. These faults may make the transistor stop working after it has been in use for a certain amount of time.
* Mechanical or environmental stress (i.e. heat) can possibly damage a transistor, leading to pixel errors.

==Don't panic!==
Dead pixels are a really common phenomena on TFT displays. In fact there are other things about TFT displays that matter a lot more, like brightness and contrast, picture stability, color reproduction and response time. People just tend to focus on those things that are the most obvious, that's why everyone cries for dead pixels and response time when it comes to TFT displays.

However, as stated above there can be truely annoying types of dead pixels. If their count is higher than the displays quality class permits you might get the device replaced under warranty.
The best thing, however, is to look for dead pixels right after purchase (you might have a chance to return it without special reason then):
* Do it three times over two days - different moods and different environemental light have an influence on your perception.
* [http://freshmeat.net/projects/lcdtest lcdtest] utility can generate predefined patterns, and may help you to detect damaged pixels.
* Be concious about how hard it was to find the dead pixel - if it was really hard it can't be too bothering.
* Also make sure that what you consider a dead pixel isn't just a piece of dirt or dust.
* Try pressing the (blue) scroll button on the UltraNav. There is a bug in the UltraNav driver which causes fake Bright pixels to appear on the screen.

==Solutions==
Besides some april jokes there isn't really any solution except looking for a replacement.

However, for {{Windows}} an interesting program exists that can help you making annoying subpixels and pixels more bearable. It works by trying to compensate a dead subpixel by adjusting the values for the remaining working subpixels. This way you can i.e. get rid of a most annoying always lit red subpixel. The program is german only and a download link can be found in its german [http://www.prad.de/board/thread.php?threadid=11797 PixChanger discussion].

==External sources==
* [http://www-307.ibm.com/pc/support/site.wss/document.do?lndocid=MIGR-4U9P53 IBMs page on defective pixel display replacement criteria]
* [http://graphics.tomshardware.com/display/20030319/index.html "An autopsy of Dead Pixels" at Tom's Hardware Guide]

ThinkWiki - User contributions [en]

Docking Solutions

Problem with Pixel Error